宝子们，在咱们追求低碳能源转型的大趋势里，锂离子电池那可是妥妥的C位担当！而中国呢，作为全球最大的电池级锂化学品生产和消费大国，在这场绿色变革中肩负着重要使命。但是呀，一直以来锂的碳足迹问题却没有得到全面分析，这就像一颗小石子，给电池的可持续发展之路添了点小阻碍😕。不过别担心，研究人员出手啦👨‍🔬！他们调查了中国很多工厂的生产情况，发现不同工厂生产锂化学品的碳足迹差别超级大，从6.3到36.8吨二氧化碳当量/吨碳酸锂，这差距简直惊人😮。像矿石质量、提取技术这些因素，都会影响碳足迹的大小。国内不同提锂方式的产能平均碳足迹也不一样，卤水提锂、锂辉石提锂和锂云母提锂各有不同。不过好消息来啦！通过提高效率、用清洁能源还有技术进步，碳足迹能大幅降低17% - 67%呢。要是把南美洲的低碳锂供应拉进来，到2030年左右，中国电池级锂的消费平均碳足迹能降好多，这绿色未来可期呀！宝子们，一起期待更环保的电池和更绿色的能源吧！

期刊

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

标题

Carbon Footprint of Battery-Grade Lithium Chemicals in China

作者

Min Liu, Fang Wang, Shaojun Zhang, Yiling Xiong, Ziyu Liu, Xuexing Pan, Guangliang Lin, Daniel J De Castro Gomez, Xin He, Mohammed A. Almoniee, Ye Wu

摘要

Lithium-ion batteries serve as a critical pillar in the low-carbon energy transition. China is the largest producer and consumer of battery-grade lithium chemicals, relying on domestic and global supply chains. However, a comprehensive analysis of the carbon footprint (CF) of lithium has not yet been reported, posing a challenge to promoting battery sustainability. Herein, we acquire plant-level production profiles in China, representing 80% of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and 28% of lithium hydroxide (LiOH·H2O) production capacities. We demonstrate that the technical characteristics (e.g., ore quality, extraction technology, refinery efficiency, and fuel type) lead to wide disparities in plant-level CFs of lithium chemicals (6.3 to 36.8 t CO2eq/t Li2CO3), which aggregate the capacity-average CFs to be 13.3, 13.9, and 24.5 t CO2eq/t Li2CO3 for domestic brine-based, spodumene-based, and lepidolite-based lithium, respectively. We further identify that efficiency improvement, clean energy adoption, and technological advancement (e.g., nanofiltration for brine-based lithium) can lower the pathway-average CFs by 17–67%. For example, including the low-carbon lithium supply from South America, China’s consumption-average CFs of battery-grade lithium can potentially decline from 12.6 t CO2eq/t Li2CO3 currently to 7.0–8.8 t CO2eq/t Li2CO3 around 2030.

原文链接

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c08394

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