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论文:高效紫云英根瘤菌的选育、冻干菌剂的制备以及在丸粒化种子上的应用

已有 380 次阅读 2025-8-6 14:04 |个人分类:根瘤菌在农业上的应用|系统分类:论文交流

论文:高效紫云英根瘤菌的选育、冻干菌剂的制备以及在丸粒化种子上的应用

Xue, D.-Y.; Chen, W.-F.; Yang, G.-P.; Li, Y.-G.; Zhang, J.-J. Screening and Application of Highly Efficient Rhizobia for Leguminous Green Manure Astragalus sinicus in Lyophilized Inoculants and Seed Coating. Plants 202514, 2431. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14152431

Submission received: 14 June 2025 / Revised: 17 July 2025 / Accepted: 21 July 2025 / Published: 6 August 2025

Abstract

Astragalus sinicus, a key leguminous green manure widely cultivated in Southern China’s rice-based cropping systems, plays a pivotal role in sustainable agriculture by enhancing soil organic matter sequestration, improving rice yield, and elevating grain quality. The symbiotic nitrogen-fixing association between A. sinicus and its matching rhizobia is fundamental to its agronomic value; however, suboptimal inoculant efficiency and field application methodologies constrain its full potential. To address these limitations, we conducted a multi-phase study involving (1) rhizobial strain screening under controlled greenhouse conditions, (2) an optimized lyophilization protocol evaluating cryoprotectant (trehalose, skimmed milk powder and others), and (3) seed pelleting trails with rhizobial viability and nodulation assessments over different storage periods. Our results demonstrate that Mesorhizobium huakuii CCBAU 33470 exhibits a superior nitrogen-fixing efficacy, significantly enhancing key traits in A. sinicus, including leaf chlorophyll content, tiller number, and aboveground biomass. Lyophilized inoculants prepared with cryoprotectants (20% trehalose or 20% skimmed milk powder) maintained >90% bacterial viability for 60 days and markedly improved nodulation capacity relative to unprotected formulations. The optimized seed pellets sustained high rhizobial loads (5.5 × 103 cells/seed) with an undiminished viability after 15 days of storage and nodulation ability after 40 days of storage. This integrated approach of rhizobial selection, inoculant formulation, and seed coating overcomes cultivation bottlenecks, boosting symbiotic nitrogen fixation for A. sinicus cultivation.

紫云英(Astragalus sinicus)是中国南方稻作系统中广泛种植的重要豆科绿肥作物,通过提升土壤有机质固存、增加水稻产量及改善稻米品质,在可持续农业中发挥着关键作用。其与匹配根瘤菌的共生固氮关系是这一农艺价值的核心,但现有接种剂效率不足及田间应用方法的局限制约了其潜力的充分发挥。为此,我们开展了一项多阶段研究,包括:(1)温室可控条件下的根瘤菌菌株筛选;(2)以海藻糖、脱脂奶粉等为保护剂的冻干工艺优化;(3)不同储存周期下接种丸粒化种子的根瘤菌存活率与结瘤能力评估。结果表明,华癸根瘤菌(Mesorhizobium huakuii)CCBAU 33470 展现出卓越的固氮效能,显著提高紫云英叶片叶绿素含量、分蘖数和地上部生物量等关键性状。添加冷冻保护剂(20%海藻糖或20%脱脂奶粉)制备的冻干菌剂在60天内保持>90%的活菌率,且结瘤能力显著优于未保护菌剂。优化后的丸粒化种子在储存15天后仍维持高菌载量(5.5 × 10³ 细胞/粒),40天后结瘤能力未衰减。该研究通过根瘤菌筛选、菌剂配方与种子包衣技术的整合,突破了紫云英栽培瓶颈,为强化共生固氮体系提供了可行方案。



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上一篇:[转载]转发:明星根瘤菌——Sinorhizobium meliloti 草木樨中华根瘤菌,苜蓿中华根瘤菌
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