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在英文写作时,标点符号该如何正确使用,许多人对此可能没有真正注意过。其实在进行学术论文写作时,遵循标点符号的使用准则也是非常重要的。举个简单的例子,如果用逗号分隔两个独立不相关的句子,这定会让读者感到困惑而影响表达力。若适当地使用分号来分隔,则可使文章更加通顺易懂。
因此,在进行英文写作的过程中,使用标点符号,如逗号comma (,), 冒号colon (:), 分号semicolon (;), 或破折号dash (—)时,有哪些准则需要被遵守呢?
本篇会介绍一下关于“分号”的使用的方法。
英文写作中如何使用分号(Semicolon) |
在分隔两个独立的概念(两个独立的从句)时,我们使用分号,但前提是这两个句子是有相关性的。当陈列复杂的概念或短语,并且句中包含逗号时,适合使用分号来分隔。分号拥有逗号的功能,但包含更多意思,亦有冒号的功能,但在使用起来更加灵活。 在句中加入两个或多个概念,而这些概念互为平等时: The universe has always called to human beings; there could be no more final frontier than space. 加入两个用连接副词或转折片语连接的独立从句: Sam thought David was inviting him to the picnic to enjoy a nice day out; as it turned out, David was planning a surprise birthday party. 表达许多或一系列不同项,每项中包含逗号时,或者每项相对长且性质较复杂: Our family members came all the way from Denver, Colorado; Rochester, Minnesota; and even Paris, France. 使用对等连接词连接两个独立从句(若两个从句已使用逗号分隔),或者当两个从句较长时: My main research objective is to isolate the cause of the disease, as well as to contribute to the existing literature; for this will bring an end to starvation across the continent, create new study designs related to epidemiology, and change the very paradigm of my research field.
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应使用分号而非逗号的情况 |
错误范例: The specimens were treated properly, however, they were not stored properly. 正确范例: The specimens were treated properly; however, they were not stored properly. *副词“however”表示的是连接两个独立的从句; 不要用逗号去连接两个不包含并列连词(and, but, or, nor 等等)的独立从句。 错误范例: The sun is wonderful: it produces light, which plants need to survive, it gives us warmth, which is useful for most life, and it makes a sad day happier, which is obviously a positive trait! 正确范例: The sun is wonderful: it produces light, which plants need to survive; it gives us warmth, which is useful for most life; and it makes a sad day happier, which is obviously a positive trait! *若只使用逗号,则无法清楚的表明陈列的项目是什么。因此,要善用冒号用来分开包含逗号的项目。 |
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