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情报学文献引用的“进出口”
武夷山
Blaise Cronin和Lokman I. Meho在IASIST杂志2008年第4期发表文章,The Shifting Balance of Intellectual Trade in Information Studies(变动中的情报学知识贸易平衡状况)。
该文将情报学论文所引用的参考文献视为“进口”,将情报学论文的被引用视为“出口”,看看二者是否平衡。
出口:
他们考察了1977-2006三十年间275种情报学刊物或情报学会议文集,看看它们的被引用状况。这些文献被67693篇论文所引用。将来自书评、社评、来信、会议文摘的引文去掉,还剩54181条引文记录,它们分布在4000种连续出版物上。
54181条文献中,28363篇(占52%)来自情报学以外的领域,也就是“进口”情报学知识的领域。10大“进口商”是:计算机,工商管理,医学卫生,教育,文学,工程学,历史学,心理学,法律,人文与艺术。
进口:
他们用ISI收录的80种情报学刊物上发表的48441篇论文的参考文献来看情报学 “进口”了哪些领域的知识。这些论文共引用了56.6万篇参考文献,它们来自7000个独特的文献源。
本文作者之一Cronin和Pearson在1990年发表的著作中指出,情报学的“出口”表现不佳。而这次的分析表明,情报学的出口能力比过去提高了。
该文摘要如下:
The authors describe a large-scale, longitudinal citation analysis of intellectual trading between information studies and cognate disciplines. The results of their investigation reveal the extent to which information studies draws on and, in turn, contributes to the ideational substrates of other academic domains. Their data show that the field has become a more successful exporter of ideas as well as less introverted than was previously the case. In the last decade, information studies has begun to contribute significantly to the literatures of such disciplines as computer science and engineering on the one hand and business and management on the other, while also drawing more heavily on those same literatures. These developments are mirrored in recent hiring trends within information studies programs.
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