随着可穿戴电子、智能健康护理和个性化保暖需求的快速增长，具备主动温控能力的柔性加热纺织品成为下一代智能穿戴技术的重要发展方向。然而，传统纺织材料本身缺乏导电性与加热能力，难以满足多场景下精准、安全、稳定的热管理需求。石墨烯因其优异的导电、导热、机械柔韧与化学稳定性，成为赋能柔性纺织焦耳加热器件（Joule Heating Device, JHD）最具潜力的功能材料之一。近日，美国康涅狄格大学的Luyi Sun教授团队发表综述论文，系统总结了石墨烯功能化纺织复合材料在可穿戴焦耳加热应用中的最新进展与未来挑战，为智能热管理纺织品的发展提供了系统性总结与前沿思路。

首先，该综述系统梳理了石墨烯及其复合体系在可穿戴焦耳加热纺织品中的功能优势与设计策略。文章指出，石墨烯基材料在柔性焦耳加热应用中兼具多重优势：高电导率保障了低电压下高效发热能力，高热导率避免了局部热点的产生，优异的机械柔韧性适应织物反复弯曲拉伸场景，同时出色的耐腐蚀与化学稳定性提升了其长期服役寿命。研究团队详细介绍了石墨烯及其衍生物（氧化石墨烯GO、还原氧化石墨烯rGO）与其他导电纳米填料（如金属纳米线、MXene、碳纳米管、导电聚合物等）复合所形成的多元导电网络设计思路，通过合理构筑协同导电通路、界面兼容性强化与多尺度填料均匀分布，在保障导电性与加热效率的同时，兼顾穿戴舒适性与水洗稳定性，为下一代可穿戴加热系统的开发奠定了材料基础。

其次，论文系统总结了多种石墨烯功能化纺织复合材料的制备方法与性能表现。当前已开发出包括喷涂、浸渍、热压、丝网印刷、刀涂、超声喷涂等多种低温低成本制备工艺，适配不同织物基材（棉布、聚酯、尼龙、氨纶等）。典型研究案例显示：（1）石墨烯/MXene复合棉布在12V条件下迅速加热至66.7°C，展现出良好的发热响应与机械耐久性。（2）rGO/银纳米线复合棉布在仅3.5V低电压下实现稳定发热，兼具优异的柔韧性与良好的耐水洗循环稳定性。（3）石墨烯/PEDOT:PSS及石墨烯/PPy复合体系在低电压条件下可实现快速升温至90°C，并已在生物热疗、血液循环改善等医疗康复场景中展现出应用潜力。（4）此外，石墨烯与金属纳米复合体还有效缓解了石墨烯片层团聚问题，提升了电荷迁移通道连通性与整体热-电转换效率，进一步拓宽了其在极寒环境保暖、康复治疗与极端工况下热管理应用的广泛场景。

最后，文章深入剖析了石墨烯功能化焦耳加热纺织品当前面临的瓶颈问题与发展趋势。尽管石墨烯加热纺织品已在实验室层面取得积极成果，但其大规模产业化应用仍面临以下挑战：（1）大面积制备过程中石墨烯材料的均匀性控制、层间粘附稳定性与柔性保留存在难点；（2）石墨烯复合体系在复杂穿戴环境（汗液、反复拉伸、水洗等）下长期服役的生物安全性与耐久性亟需深入评估；（3）功能化设计与穿着舒适性的平衡问题有待进一步突破；（4）低能耗、高安全性智能温控算法与集成控制模块的开发仍需加强。未来，作者提出可从绿色可控合成技术、界面工程优化、新型柔性导电填料复合与自适应反馈控制系统融合等多维度协同发力，推动石墨烯智能加热纺织系统迈向真正意义上的个性化热管理平台，助力其在医疗康复、极端环境作业、运动健康、智能服饰等高附加值领域实现大规模应用落地。

Omar Faruk is a doctoral student in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the State University of New York at Binghamton. His research is conducted at the NorthEast Center for Chemical Energy Storage under the mentorship of Sir M. Stanley Whittingham, Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) and Nobel Laureate in Chemistry (2019). His work focuses on advanced layered transition metal oxide materials for lithium-ion batteries. His broader research interests include designing next-generation energy storage materials for extreme environments and developing self-rechargeable devices for flexible electronics.

Abbas Ahmed is a Ph.D. student under the guidance of Professor Luyi Sun at the Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut. He received his Bachelor’s degree in Textile Engineering from the National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 2018. His primary research focuses on the bioinspired design and synthesis of smart materials for soft robotics, smart textiles, healthcare, and energy-related applications.

Luyi Sun received his B.S. from South China University of Technology in 1998 and Ph.D. from the University of Alabama (advisor: Prof. Joseph Thrasher) in 2004. After his postdoctoral training at Texas A&M University (supervisors: Profs. Hung-Jue Sue and Abraham Clearfield), he worked at TOTAL Petrochemicals USA, Inc. from 2006 to 2009. He was an Assistant Professor at Texas State University from 2009 to 2013. Dr. Sun joined the University of Connecticut as an Associate Professor in 2013 and was promoted to Professor in 2018. His research focuses on the design and synthesis of nanostructured materials for various applications.

原文信息：

Omar Faruk, Abbas Ahmed, Ashfaqul Hoque Khadem, Lu Jia, Luyi Sun

Graphene-functionalized textile composites for wearable Joule heating applications, Advanced Nanocomposites, 2 (2025) 108–123

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adna.2025.03.001

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