博文
如何像一个知识工人那样思考
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本书的作者William P. Sheridan是一名经验丰富的知识工程师，此著作国外可以下载到，作者及著作简介如下：
HOW TO THINK LIKE A KNOWLEDGE WORKER
The Human Knowledge MindMap, the core construct of this book, was developed over a 35-
year period. It was begun while I was an undergraduate in the interdisciplinary program
Technology/Society/Environment (TSE) at Carleton University in the early 1970s. It has been
ruminating in the back of my mind ever since I read Clarence Irving Lewis’ book MIND AND
THE WORLD ORDER.
By that time (the early 1970s), the transition to a Knowledge Society was well underway,
although the naming of that phenomenon had to await the coming of the personal computer and
the Internet. Based on what we now know, it is obvious (to me at least) that the systematic
application of knowledge to standardize social processes began during the First World War, to
facilitate component compatibility and supply logistics. The major impact of this early
knowledge engineering was in product and process design.
With the coming of the personal computer and the Internet, work organization and workflow
began to be modified on the job, and simultaneously personalized products led to successive
alterations in lifestyles. We went through phases of evolutionary development, from technology
management, to data management, to information management, and most recently knowledge
management. In each of these phases however, most of the expertise behind both consulting and
publications referred to organizational applications. For their individual use, people either tried
to apply what they learned on the job to their home computers, or they learned by reading
manuals and by trial-and-error. In most cases however the on-the-job training was only partially
transferred – the way most people manage their own technology, data and information is quite
amateurish and sloppy. As for knowledge management, whether on-the-job or on a personal
basis, many people still ask “What’s that?!”
So what is it? Knowledge consists of concepts available to process information and guide
action. Knowledge Management refers to “smart use of know-how.” In a knowledge economy
more and more tasks involve “think work.” Thinking involves the separation of relevant
information from irrelevant information. Therefore, “think work” is a component of “knowledge
work,” specifically the information processing part – the other part is the “informed action” part.
What the Human Knowledge MindMap offers to the Knowledge Economy is similar to what
W. Edwards Deming offered to the Industrial Economy. Just as Deming developed a method for
quality assurance for industrial output, the Human Knowledge MindMap is a method developed
to provide quality assurance for knowledgeable output. When the United States shunned Deming’s
approach, he was invited to Japan where he taught the kind of quality control that enabled Japanese
manufacturers to successfully challenge the American domination of the global automobile and
electronics markets. The knowledge-based start-up companies everywhere in the world are looking
to provide the same kind of challenges in the future, and having a workforce trained in knowledge
work skills will be part of their strategy!
William Sheridan
本书目录
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................... 1
How to Use the MindMap..............................................................................................3
MindMap Methodology .................................................................................................7
MindMap Rationale .......................................................................................................9
MindMap Diagram...................................................................................................... 10
Realism – Tolerance – Pragmatism .............................................................................11
PART I: PERSPECTIVITY..............................................................................................12
Epistemology .....................................................................................................................13
Empiricism...................................................................................................................14
Rationalism ..................................................................................................................15
Constructivism .............................................................................................................16
Practice in Using Epistemologies................................................................. 17
Ontology ............................................................................................................................18
Materialism ..................................................................................................................19
Idealism........................................................................................................................20
Behaviourism ...............................................................................................................21
Practice in Using Ontologies...................................................................... 22
Kineology...........................................................................................................................23
Determinism.................................................................................................................24
Existentialism...............................................................................................................25
Functionalism...............................................................................................................26
Practice in Using Kineologies.....................................................................27
PART II: METHODOLOGY ...........................................................................................28
Homology ..........................................................................................................................29
Macro............................................................................................. 30
Meso............................................................................................. 31
Micro............................................................................................. 32
Analogy.............................................................................................................................. 33
Façade........................................................................................... 34
Performance..................................................................................... 35
Outcome.......................................................................................... 36
Dichotomy.......................................................................................................................... 37
Location.......................................................................................... 38
Occurrence...................................................................................... 39
Quality........................................................................................... 40
Uses of Methodology............................................................................... 41
PART III: AXIOLOGY ...................................................................................................42
Personal..............................................................................................................................43
Hedonism .....................................................................................................................44
Egoism .........................................................................................................................45
Entrepreneurialism.......................................................................................................46
Social..................................................................................................................................47
Altruism .......................................................................................................................48
Collectivism .................................................................................................................49
Elitism ..........................................................................................................................50
Transcendental ...................................................................................................................51
Theism..........................................................................................................................52
Humanism ....................................................................................................................53
Environmentalism ........................................................................................................54
Practice in Using Axiology........................................................................55
PART IV: SEMIOLOGY .................................................................................................56
Romanticism ......................................................................................................................57
Improvisation....................................................................................58
Morale............................................................................................59
Genre.............................................................................................60
Populism ............................................................................................................................61
Inspiration.......................................................................................62
Entertainment....................................................................................63
Catharsis..........................................................................................64
Formalism ..........................................................................................................................65
Comedy..........................................................................................66
Irony..............................................................................................67
Tragedy..........................................................................................68
Uses of Semiology..................................................................................69
PART V: QUINTESSENTIAL QUESTIONS .................................................................70
Who? ............................................................................................................................71
What? ...........................................................................................................................72
When? ..........................................................................................................................73
Whence?.......................................................................................................................74
Where? .........................................................................................................................75
Whither?.......................................................................................................................76
Whether? ......................................................................................................................77
Which? .........................................................................................................................78
Why? ............................................................................................................................79
How? ............................................................................................................................80
PART VI: INFERENTIAL OPERATORS.......................................................................81
Apply............................................................................................................................82
Appraise .......................................................................................................................83
Arrange ........................................................................................................................84
Authenticate .................................................................................................................85
Choose..........................................................................................................................86
Confirm ........................................................................................................................87
Designate......................................................................................................................88
Explicate ......................................................................................................................89
Foretell .........................................................................................................................90
Generalize ....................................................................................................................91
Invent ...........................................................................................................................92
Judge ............................................................................................................................93
Particularize .................................................................................................................94
Relate ...........................................................................................................................95
Replicate ......................................................................................................................96
Revise...........................................................................................................................97
Suggest.........................................................................................................................98
Summarize ...................................................................................................................99
Taxonomize................................................................................................................100
Typologize .................................................................................................................101
PART VII: THE GESTALT FRAME ............................................................................102
Phenomenology..........................................................................................................103
Morality......................................................................................................................104
Plausibility .................................................................................................................105
Preferentiality.............................................................................................................106
Practice in Using the Gestalt Frame.........................................................107
Following Implications ..............................................................................................108
The Practice of Following Implications....................................................109
Managing Yourself ....................................................................................................110
Life Lessons on Managing Yourself........................................................111
Coordinating Conclusions..........................................................................................112
Considerations in Coordinating Conclusions..............................................113
Putting it all together to make it work for you!......................................................... 114
Evaluate Your MindMap Learning Now....................................................................115
Comprehension Checks..............................................................................................116
Rectification Requisites..............................................................................................117
MINDMAP BIBLIOGRAPHY.................................................................. 118
Don’t miss this
INTRODUCTION
This book is about HOW to think, not WHAT to think. Let me clarify that. This book
does not deal directly with the issues or concerns you will encounter and deal with during
your education, on the job, or in your life. But no matter what you are doing, you ability
to deal effectively with your issues or concerns will depend on how you approach them.
Let me give an example. If at any point you have an issue or concern about what you or
anyone else has learned and/or knows, what that is about is what is called epistemology,
“theories of learning and knowing.” The implication of your issue or concern is the
question “How does anyone learn or know anything?”
There are three generic forms of epistemology: (1) empiricism (observe the facts);
(2) rationalism (think things through); and (3) constructivism (formulate new ideas). We
all do all three to some extent – but most people emphasize one of the three, and de-
emphasize the other two. Those habits of emphasis and de-emphasis only lead to partial
and inadequate learning and knowing. After reading this book however, such partiality is no
longer necessary. Herein the three epistemologies are explained and illustrated. By the use
of the three epistemologies you gain cross-training in the concepts needed to deal with the
complexities of the world you experience. Henceforth every epistemological issue or
concern will involve the recognition of, and need to blend all three forms of learning and
knowing. With this wider perspective, you are at an epistemological advantage. You
can understand learning and knowing issues and concerns in a comprehensive sense.
Epistemologically you will have become an effective thinker.
In a similar way this book will provide you with an outlook on your other beliefs and
values, as well as a deeper understanding of the processes of asking questions, and
drawing conclusions. For instance, most people's concept of "Reality" (ontology) is also
focused on only one of the alternatives (either materialism, or idealism, or behaviourism).
Once you cross-train yourself to use all three versions of ontology, you are then also at an
ontological advantage, with a comprehensive perspective on reality.
It's the same for all the other concepts that are displayed on the Human Knowledge
MindMap. But for this to work, you have to keep the concepts in mind (or the diagram in
front of you) whenever you do knowledge work. If you were a high-level knowledge
worker, you would be doing a lot of this intuitively already, but probably not explicitly.
However, to be really competent in knowledge work you must not only be able to use the
techniques, but be a reflective practitioner.
Everything I have said above can be reduced to one theme: Ideas without context are like
people without responsibility – you just can’t trust them. Ideas have a history,
implications, and consequences, all of which should be borne in mind when you
encounter them or use them. Otherwise you are simply sleep-walking through the
knowledge society, going through the motions without ever being self-conscious about
what you are doing. As a result your narrower perspective will cognitively disable you
from working at the leading edge of creativity and productivity.
https://wap.sciencenet.cn/blog-89075-338895.html
上一篇：Knowledge Typology Map
下一篇：语义学
HOW TO THINK LIKE A KNOWLEDGE WORKER
本书前言WILLIAM P. SHERIDAN
WebSite: http://www3.sympatico.ca/cypher/(资料很丰富)
Professional Profile
25 years experience as a Knowledge Engineer, Writer & Editor, Policy Analyst, Sociotechnical Researcher, and Systems Analyst. Recently worked on two Government On-Line projects, and on other contracts for H.R.D.C. (Technology Architect) and Environment Canada (Sustainable Development Indicators).Before that, served as a Year 2000 Project Technologist and then Knowledge Manager, with LGS Group in Ottawa. Previously consulted on a number of WebSite projects for both e-commerce and e-government services. Prior to that, served as a Research Officer for the Parliamentary Research Branch, and taught Political Science and Innovation & Society at Carleton University.A committed life-long-learner whose interests include trend tracking, futures forecasting, philosophy of science, and technology impact assessment. Also an HTML Author, and Editor of the InSite Reviews on the Internet. Works in a Windows computer environment, and is a proficient user of the World Wide Web and the Office 2000 Suite.
Work Experience
INDEPENDENT CONSULTANT 1999-2001
- Served as technical advisor on the content and layout for an Intranet-based Collaborative Working Environment project for the Learning Broker.
- Research and wrote a White Paper on The Technology Drivers of Knowledge Management for Riley Information Services.
- Sociotechnical Analyst with a project at H.R.D.C. to facilitate more effective use of E- mail infrastructure in the work environment
- Technology Architect and Technical Writer with PWGSC, developing a set of User Interface Standards to make the Department's Web Based Applications conform to Treasury Board's Common Look and Feel (CL&F) requirements.
- Environmental Indicators Consultant with INFORMETRICA, on a contract to develop a set of Sustainable Development indicators for Environment Canada
- Management Consultant for a Government On-Line (GOL) project to organize the delivery of technical and organizational advice on Treasury Board's Common Look & Feel (CLF) requirements for Government of Canada (GoC) Web Sites.
LGS GROUP INC. 1998-1999
- Served as a Y2K Project Technologist, Research Co-ordinator, Document Archivist, Knowledge Manager
- Assigned to work with the Vendor Information Services Project at PWGSC, to design a workflow sequence and operate the Scanning and Digitization System as architected under a previous contract. Created an electronic file architecture to enable ease of navigation throughout the document repository and large-scale uploading to a website.
- Designed a Knowledge Management methodology and an Opportunities Development methodology for the delivery of Knowledge Management Consulting Services.
- Provided Research Support to the Strategic Information Management and the Enterprise Information Management groups of consultants.
- Assembled and organized the LGS-Ottawa company library. Designed information sharing utilities for the collaborative exchange of documents in the LGS- Ottawa Lotus Notes working environment.
PUBLIC WORKS AND GOVERNMENT SERVICES CANADA 1997
- Contract as a Systems Analyst and Technology Architect
- Consulted with Client regarding the Vendor Information Services Project requirements, recommended hardware and software [an HP Scanner and Adobe Acrobat Capture] to facilitate digitization of paper documents, assembled and configured the recommended components, tested and fine-tuned the system.
HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT CANADA 1997
- Contract as a Research Coordinator, WebSite Designer, and Project Report Author
- Conducted bibliographic research and an Internet search, re-wrote and re-formatted materials, designed WebPage layout, helped prepare a project plan for creating a Website for Interactive Internet-based Financial Planning tools to assist students and their families in preparing to fund post-secondary education, wrote the report for the client.
INFORMETRICA 1996
- Assignment as an Information Analyst and WebPage Designer
- Liaised with Client, assembled materials, re-wrote and re-formatted materials, designed WebPage layout, posted documents on WebSite. Helped create INFORMETRICA's WebSite, and re-format and post their public information offerings for Internet access.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 1996
- Assignment as an Information Analyst and WebPage Designer
- Worked with Client to determine the purpose and goals of their proposed Web strategy, assembled relevant print materials, and helped re-write and re-format materials for ISM's Web Site for their Open Bidding Service (OBS) for advertising government contracts online
TREASURY BOARD SECRETARIAT OF CANADA 1995-1996
- Assignment as an Information Analyst and WebPage Designer
- Conferred with Client to interpret project mandate, assembled materials, designed information architect for large-scale WebSite, designed WebPage layout, posted on World Wide Web. Helped place the Treasury Board Secretariat's entire Regulatory Publications Program on the World Wide Web
PUBLIC WORKS AND GOVERNMENT SERVICES CANADA 1995
- Assignment as an Information Analyst and WebPage Designer
- Assembled and re-formatted Departmental materials, worked with translator to assure consistent English-French versions of federal documents, designed WebPage layout, posted on World Wide Web. Helped place the Centre for Supplier Promotion's entire Supplier Registration Program on the World Wide Web
ENVIRONMENT CANADA 1994
- Contract as a Workshop Facilitator, Information Developer, Project Report Author
- Coordinated an internal Environment Canada Workshop exploring various opportunities to re- think the Department's role in view of changing political and administrative trends. Acted as Scribe during the Workshop sessions, and then transcribed, summarized, and reported on the Proceedings for the Department.
LEARNING BROKER 1993
- Contract as a Distance Education Facilitator
- Participated in the delivery of Distance Education instruction and feedback to Ontario Secondary School students involving the teaching of reading writing skills and media literacy analytical capabilities.
STENTOR RESOURCE CENTRE 1992
- Contract as a Telecommunications Policy Analyst and Sociotechnical Analyst
- Worked with the Stentor team on the launching of the Personal Communications Services concept, including exploration of the product development requirements, and the interpretation of data from consumer focus groups, all of which was reported in a white paper
PARLIAMENTARY RESEARCH BRANCH 1985-1992
- Worked as a Research Officer, Policy Analyst and Committee Report Manager
- Served in the Political and Social Affairs Division of the Parliamentary Research Branch of the Library of Parliament. Assignments included background research papers for numerous individual parliamentarians (both Senators and Members of the House), as well as Research Assistant to Parliamentary Committees.
- Assisted the Multiculturalism Committee in the research, writing, and graphic design of their major Report on creating a Multiculturalism Policy and Ministry.
- Conducted research in Information Science and authored a manuscript on The Laws and Corollaries of Informatics.
Summary of Skills
- Engineering & Managing Knowledge
- Writing & Editing
- Planning, Coordinating & Interpreting Research
- Analyzing Public Issues & Policy Responses
- Designing WebSites & Graphical User Interfaces
- Analyzing & Designing Sociotechnical Systems
Language Skills
- Unilingual English (Listening and Speaking, Reading and Writing)
Education/Certification
- Post-Graduate Studies in Public Administration, Carleton University
- Master's Degree, Political Science, Carleton University
- Bachelor's Degree, Sociology, Carleton University
- Wordprocessing Certification (MS Word), Institute for Advanced Technology (IAT)
- Professional Training Certificate, Association of Records Managers and Administrators
- Certificate, ELEMENTS OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS & DESIGN, IAT
- Certificate, TELECOMMUNICATIONS & NETWORKING, CDI College
- Certificate, USER REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS, IAT
- Certificate, INTERNET SKILLS, Internet Commerce & Skilltop Technology
- Certificate, DATA ANALYSIS AND DATA MODELING, IAT
- Certificate, CLIENT/SERVER FUNDAMENTALS, CDI College
- Certificate, SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE TESTING, IAT
- Certificate, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, Delphi Group
- Certificate, WORKGROUP SUPERVISION, CareerTrack
Professional Affiliations
- Member of the Ottawa Branch of SCOAP's Knowledge Innovation Forum
- Member of the Ottawa Distance Learning Group (ODLG)
- Member of the Eastern Canada Configuration Management User's Group (CMIIUG)
The Human Knowledge MindMap, the core construct of this book, was developed over a 35-
year period. It was begun while I was an undergraduate in the interdisciplinary program
Technology/Society/Environment (TSE) at Carleton University in the early 1970s. It has been
ruminating in the back of my mind ever since I read Clarence Irving Lewis’ book MIND AND
THE WORLD ORDER.
By that time (the early 1970s), the transition to a Knowledge Society was well underway,
although the naming of that phenomenon had to await the coming of the personal computer and
the Internet. Based on what we now know, it is obvious (to me at least) that the systematic
application of knowledge to standardize social processes began during the First World War, to
facilitate component compatibility and supply logistics. The major impact of this early
knowledge engineering was in product and process design.
With the coming of the personal computer and the Internet, work organization and workflow
began to be modified on the job, and simultaneously personalized products led to successive
alterations in lifestyles. We went through phases of evolutionary development, from technology
management, to data management, to information management, and most recently knowledge
management. In each of these phases however, most of the expertise behind both consulting and
publications referred to organizational applications. For their individual use, people either tried
to apply what they learned on the job to their home computers, or they learned by reading
manuals and by trial-and-error. In most cases however the on-the-job training was only partially
transferred – the way most people manage their own technology, data and information is quite
amateurish and sloppy. As for knowledge management, whether on-the-job or on a personal
basis, many people still ask “What’s that?!”
So what is it? Knowledge consists of concepts available to process information and guide
action. Knowledge Management refers to “smart use of know-how.” In a knowledge economy
more and more tasks involve “think work.” Thinking involves the separation of relevant
information from irrelevant information. Therefore, “think work” is a component of “knowledge
work,” specifically the information processing part – the other part is the “informed action” part.
What the Human Knowledge MindMap offers to the Knowledge Economy is similar to what
W. Edwards Deming offered to the Industrial Economy. Just as Deming developed a method for
quality assurance for industrial output, the Human Knowledge MindMap is a method developed
to provide quality assurance for knowledgeable output. When the United States shunned Deming’s
approach, he was invited to Japan where he taught the kind of quality control that enabled Japanese
manufacturers to successfully challenge the American domination of the global automobile and
electronics markets. The knowledge-based start-up companies everywhere in the world are looking
to provide the same kind of challenges in the future, and having a workforce trained in knowledge
work skills will be part of their strategy!
William Sheridan
本书目录
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................... 1
How to Use the MindMap..............................................................................................3
MindMap Methodology .................................................................................................7
MindMap Rationale .......................................................................................................9
MindMap Diagram...................................................................................................... 10
Realism – Tolerance – Pragmatism .............................................................................11
PART I: PERSPECTIVITY..............................................................................................12
Epistemology .....................................................................................................................13
Empiricism...................................................................................................................14
Rationalism ..................................................................................................................15
Constructivism .............................................................................................................16
Practice in Using Epistemologies................................................................. 17
Ontology ............................................................................................................................18
Materialism ..................................................................................................................19
Idealism........................................................................................................................20
Behaviourism ...............................................................................................................21
Practice in Using Ontologies...................................................................... 22
Kineology...........................................................................................................................23
Determinism.................................................................................................................24
Existentialism...............................................................................................................25
Functionalism...............................................................................................................26
Practice in Using Kineologies.....................................................................27
PART II: METHODOLOGY ...........................................................................................28
Homology ..........................................................................................................................29
Macro............................................................................................. 30
Meso............................................................................................. 31
Micro............................................................................................. 32
Analogy.............................................................................................................................. 33
Façade........................................................................................... 34
Performance..................................................................................... 35
Outcome.......................................................................................... 36
Dichotomy.......................................................................................................................... 37
Location.......................................................................................... 38
Occurrence...................................................................................... 39
Quality........................................................................................... 40
Uses of Methodology............................................................................... 41
PART III: AXIOLOGY ...................................................................................................42
Personal..............................................................................................................................43
Hedonism .....................................................................................................................44
Egoism .........................................................................................................................45
Entrepreneurialism.......................................................................................................46
Social..................................................................................................................................47
Altruism .......................................................................................................................48
Collectivism .................................................................................................................49
Elitism ..........................................................................................................................50
Transcendental ...................................................................................................................51
Theism..........................................................................................................................52
Humanism ....................................................................................................................53
Environmentalism ........................................................................................................54
Practice in Using Axiology........................................................................55
PART IV: SEMIOLOGY .................................................................................................56
Romanticism ......................................................................................................................57
Improvisation....................................................................................58
Morale............................................................................................59
Genre.............................................................................................60
Populism ............................................................................................................................61
Inspiration.......................................................................................62
Entertainment....................................................................................63
Catharsis..........................................................................................64
Formalism ..........................................................................................................................65
Comedy..........................................................................................66
Irony..............................................................................................67
Tragedy..........................................................................................68
Uses of Semiology..................................................................................69
PART V: QUINTESSENTIAL QUESTIONS .................................................................70
Who? ............................................................................................................................71
What? ...........................................................................................................................72
When? ..........................................................................................................................73
Whence?.......................................................................................................................74
Where? .........................................................................................................................75
Whither?.......................................................................................................................76
Whether? ......................................................................................................................77
Which? .........................................................................................................................78
Why? ............................................................................................................................79
How? ............................................................................................................................80
PART VI: INFERENTIAL OPERATORS.......................................................................81
Apply............................................................................................................................82
Appraise .......................................................................................................................83
Arrange ........................................................................................................................84
Authenticate .................................................................................................................85
Choose..........................................................................................................................86
Confirm ........................................................................................................................87
Designate......................................................................................................................88
Explicate ......................................................................................................................89
Foretell .........................................................................................................................90
Generalize ....................................................................................................................91
Invent ...........................................................................................................................92
Judge ............................................................................................................................93
Particularize .................................................................................................................94
Relate ...........................................................................................................................95
Replicate ......................................................................................................................96
Revise...........................................................................................................................97
Suggest.........................................................................................................................98
Summarize ...................................................................................................................99
Taxonomize................................................................................................................100
Typologize .................................................................................................................101
PART VII: THE GESTALT FRAME ............................................................................102
Phenomenology..........................................................................................................103
Morality......................................................................................................................104
Plausibility .................................................................................................................105
Preferentiality.............................................................................................................106
Practice in Using the Gestalt Frame.........................................................107
Following Implications ..............................................................................................108
The Practice of Following Implications....................................................109
Managing Yourself ....................................................................................................110
Life Lessons on Managing Yourself........................................................111
Coordinating Conclusions..........................................................................................112
Considerations in Coordinating Conclusions..............................................113
Putting it all together to make it work for you!......................................................... 114
Evaluate Your MindMap Learning Now....................................................................115
Comprehension Checks..............................................................................................116
Rectification Requisites..............................................................................................117
MINDMAP BIBLIOGRAPHY.................................................................. 118
Don’t miss this
INTRODUCTION
This book is about HOW to think, not WHAT to think. Let me clarify that. This book
does not deal directly with the issues or concerns you will encounter and deal with during
your education, on the job, or in your life. But no matter what you are doing, you ability
to deal effectively with your issues or concerns will depend on how you approach them.
Let me give an example. If at any point you have an issue or concern about what you or
anyone else has learned and/or knows, what that is about is what is called epistemology,
“theories of learning and knowing.” The implication of your issue or concern is the
question “How does anyone learn or know anything?”
There are three generic forms of epistemology: (1) empiricism (observe the facts);
(2) rationalism (think things through); and (3) constructivism (formulate new ideas). We
all do all three to some extent – but most people emphasize one of the three, and de-
emphasize the other two. Those habits of emphasis and de-emphasis only lead to partial
and inadequate learning and knowing. After reading this book however, such partiality is no
longer necessary. Herein the three epistemologies are explained and illustrated. By the use
of the three epistemologies you gain cross-training in the concepts needed to deal with the
complexities of the world you experience. Henceforth every epistemological issue or
concern will involve the recognition of, and need to blend all three forms of learning and
knowing. With this wider perspective, you are at an epistemological advantage. You
can understand learning and knowing issues and concerns in a comprehensive sense.
Epistemologically you will have become an effective thinker.
In a similar way this book will provide you with an outlook on your other beliefs and
values, as well as a deeper understanding of the processes of asking questions, and
drawing conclusions. For instance, most people's concept of "Reality" (ontology) is also
focused on only one of the alternatives (either materialism, or idealism, or behaviourism).
Once you cross-train yourself to use all three versions of ontology, you are then also at an
ontological advantage, with a comprehensive perspective on reality.
It's the same for all the other concepts that are displayed on the Human Knowledge
MindMap. But for this to work, you have to keep the concepts in mind (or the diagram in
front of you) whenever you do knowledge work. If you were a high-level knowledge
worker, you would be doing a lot of this intuitively already, but probably not explicitly.
However, to be really competent in knowledge work you must not only be able to use the
techniques, but be a reflective practitioner.
Everything I have said above can be reduced to one theme: Ideas without context are like
people without responsibility – you just can’t trust them. Ideas have a history,
implications, and consequences, all of which should be borne in mind when you
encounter them or use them. Otherwise you are simply sleep-walking through the
knowledge society, going through the motions without ever being self-conscious about
what you are doing. As a result your narrower perspective will cognitively disable you
from working at the leading edge of creativity and productivity.
https://wap.sciencenet.cn/blog-89075-338895.html
上一篇：Knowledge Typology Map
下一篇：语义学
