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醉翁亭记 (原文）

宋 · 欧阳修

环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰，林壑尤美，望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也。山行六七里，渐闻水声潺潺，而泻出于两峰之间者，酿泉也。峰回路转，有亭翼然临于泉上者，醉翁亭也。作亭者谁？山之僧智仙也。名之者谁？太守自谓也。太守谓谁？欧阳修也。

欧阳修者，醉翁也。醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也。山水之乐，得之心而寓之酒也。若夫日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝，晦明变化者，山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间之四时也。朝而往，暮而归，四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷也。

至于负者歌于途，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥；酿泉为酒，泉香而酒洌；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹；射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，起坐而喧哗者，众宾欢也。苍颜白发，颓然乎其间者，太守醉也。

已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不知人之乐；人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。

醉能同其乐，醒能述以文者，太守也。太守谓谁？欧阳修也。 

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Translation 1:

The Old Drunkard’s Pavilion

By Ouyang Xiu

All around Chuzhou are mountains. Of those in the southwest, the peaks are especially beautiful, lush and deep in their charm — this is Langya Mountain. Walking six or seven li into the mountain, one gradually hears the murmuring of water; it flows out from between two peaks — this is the Brew Spring. As the path winds with the turning peaks, a pavilion suddenly appears, wing-like, overlooking the spring — this is the Old Drunkard’s Pavilion.

Who built the pavilion? A monk of the mountain named Zhixian. Who named it? The governor, who gave himself that name. And who is the governor? It is I, Ouyang Xiu.

Ouyang Xiu is also known as the Old Drunkard. Yet the Old Drunkard’s intention is not in the wine, but in the landscape of mountains and waters. The joy found in these mountains and rivers is felt in the heart and expressed through the wine.

When the sun rises, the forest mist lifts; when the clouds return, the caves darken — these are the changing scenes of morning and evening in the mountains. Wildflowers bloom with subtle fragrance, fine trees flourish with dense shade, the air grows clear and cool in wind and frost, and as the waters recede, rocks emerge — these are the seasons in the mountains. In the morning, one comes; in the evening, one departs. The scenery changes with the seasons, and the joy is endless.

As for those who bear loads singing on the paths, or rest beneath the trees as they walk — the ones in front call, the ones behind respond; the old and young travel together, coming and going without end—these are the people of Chuzhou at leisure. Fishing by the stream — deep waters and fat fish; brewing wine from the spring — fragrant water and pure wine; mountain fare and wild vegetables, mixed and laid out before them—this is the governor’s banquet.

The delight of the banquet is not in strings and flutes. Archers hit the target; chess players claim victory; wine cups clash, and guests rise and sit in boisterous cheer — this is the joy of the guests. Among them, with gray hair and a weary look, reclining as if in a stupor, is the governor, drunk.

Then as the sun sets behind the mountains and people scatter in shadow, the governor returns home, and his guests follow. The forest grows darker, and birds sing from all directions. As the people leave, the birds and animals rejoice.

Yet the birds know only the joy of the forest, not the joy of humans. People know the joy of following the governor, but not the governor’s joy in their joy.

The one who can share in their joy while drunk, and describe it in writing while sober — is the governor. And who is the governor? It is Ouyang Xiu.

Translation by ChatGPT.

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Translation 2:

The Roadside Hut of the Old Drunkard

Ouyang Xiu

The District of Chu is enclosed all around by hills, of which those in the southwest boast the most lovely forests and dales. In the distance, densely wooded and possessed of a rugged beauty, is Mt. Langya. When you penetrate a mile or two into this mountain you begin to hear the gurgling of a stream, and presently the stream — the Brewer's Spring — comes into sight cascading between two peaks. Rounding a bend you see a hut with a spreading roof by the stream, and this is the Roadside Hut of the Old Drunkard. This hut was built by the monk Zhixian. It was given its name by the governor, referring to himself. The governor, coming here with his friends, often gets tipsy after a little drinking; and since he is the most advanced in years, he calls himself the Old Drunkard. He delights less in drinking than in the hills and streams, taking pleasure in them and expressing the feeling in his heart through drinking.

Now at dawn and dusk in this mountain come the changes between light and darkness: when the sun emerges, the misty woods become clear; when the clouds hang low, the grottoes are wrapped in gloom. Then in the course of the four seasons, You find wild flowers burgeoning and blooming with a secret fragrance, the stately trees put on their mantle of leaves and give a goodly shade, until wind and frost touch all with austerity, the water sinks low and the rocks at the bottom of the stream emerge. A man going there in the morning and returning in the evening during the changing pageant of the seasons can derive endless pleasure from the place.

And the local people may be seen making their way there and back in an endless stream, the old and infirm as well as infants in arms, men carrying burdens who sing as they go, passersby stopping to rest beneath the trees, those in front calling out and those behind answering. There the governor gives a feast with a variety of dishes before him, mostly wild vegetables and mountain produce. The fish are freshly caught from the stream, and since the stream is deep and the fish are fat; the wine is brewed with spring water, and since the spring is sweet the wine is superb. There they feast and drink merrily with no accompaniment of strings or flutes; when someone wins a game of touhu or chess, when they mark up their scores in drinking games together, or raise a cheerful din sitting or standing, it can be seen that the guests are enjoying themselves. The elderly man with white hair in the middle, who sits utterly relaxed and at his ease, is the governor, already half drunk.

Then the sun sinks towards the hills, men's shadows begins to flit about and scatter; and now the governor leaves, followed by his guests. In the shade of the woods birds chirp above and below, showing that the men have gone and the birds are at peace. But although the birds enjoy the hills and forests, they cannot understand the men's pleasure in them; and although men enjoy accompanying the governor there, they cannot understand his pleasure either. The governor is able to share his enjoyment with others when he is in his cups, and sober again can write an essay about it. Who is this governor? Ouyang Xiu of Luling.

（杨宪益、戴乃迭 译）

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