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▲ Vol 59 Issue 5 |  February 11, 2025

Tandem Reaction on Ru/Cu-CHA Catalysts for Ammonia Elimination with Enhanced Activity and Selectivity

Weijian Guo, Xueying Cao, Ao Zhou, Wenwen Cai, Jintao Zhang

Ammonia emissions from vehicles and power plants cause severe environmental issues, including haze pollution and nitrogen deposition. Selective catalytic oxidation (SCO) is a promising technology for ammonia abatement, but current catalysts often struggle with insufficient activity and poor nitrogen selectivity, leading to the formation of secondary pollutants. In this study, we developed a bifunctional Ru/Cu-CHA zeolite catalyst for ammonia oxidation, incorporating both SCO sites (Ru) and selective catalytic reduction sites (SCR, Cu). Various characterizations, including HAADF-STEM, XAFS, and H2-TPR, revealed that Cu2+ cations are dispersed within the CHA zeolite, while RuOx clusters and nanoparticles are present both inside and on the surface of the zeolite. Operando DRIFTS-MS, in situ Raman spectroscopy, and DFT calculations confirmed that NH3 adsorbed on Cu2+ Lewis acid sites efficiently reduced RuO2 with a lower energy barrier, significantly enhancing the low-temperature activity of the Ru/Cu-CHA catalyst. Additionally, Cu2+ cations further facilitated the elimination of byproducts (NOx) via the tandem SCR reaction, thus greatly improving the nitrogen selectivity. This synergistic effect contributed to high catalytic activity (>94% at 200 °C) and excellent nitrogen selectivity (>90% even at high temperatures above 325 °C) for Ru2.5/Cu-CHA during practical ammonia elimination in the presence of NOx and water vapor.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.4c10396

▲ Vol 13 Issue 10 |  March 03, 2025

Carbon Footprint of Battery-Grade Lithium Chemicals in China

Min Liu, Fang Wang, Shaojun Zhang, Yiling Xiong. Ziyu Liu, Xuexing Pan, Guangliang Lin, Daniel J De Castro Gomez, Xin He, Mohammed A. Almoniee, Ye Wu

Lithium-ion batteries serve as a critical pillar in the low-carbon energy transition. China is the largest producer and consumer of battery-grade lithium chemicals, relying on domestic and global supply chains. However, a comprehensive analysis of the carbon footprint (CF) of lithium has not yet been reported, posing a challenge to promoting battery sustainability. Herein, we acquire plant-level production profiles in China, representing 80% of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and 28% of lithium hydroxide (LiOH·H2O) production capacities. We demonstrate that the technical characteristics (e.g., ore quality, extraction technology, refinery efficiency, and fuel type) lead to wide disparities in plant-level CFs of lithium chemicals (6.3 to 36.8 t CO2eq/t Li2CO3), which aggregate the capacity-average CFs to be 13.3, 13.9, and 24.5 t CO2eq/t Li2CO3 for domestic brine-based, spodumene-based, and lepidolite-based lithium, respectively. We further identify that efficiency improvement, clean energy adoption, and technological advancement (e.g., nanofiltration for brine-based lithium) can lower the pathway-average CFs by 17–67%. For example, including the low-carbon lithium supply from South America, China’s consumption-average CFs of battery-grade lithium can potentially decline from 12.6 t CO2eq/t Li2CO3 currently to 7.0–8.8 t CO2eq/t Li2CO3 around 2030.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c08394

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静远嘲风（MY Scimage） 成立于2007年，嘲风取自中国传统文化中龙生九子，子子不同的传说，嘲风为守护屋脊之瑞兽，喜登高望远；静远取自成语“宁静致远”，登高莫忘初心，远观而不可务远。

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