有机肥侧抛附属机构优化研究与试验
刘宏新1，解勇涛1, 2*，赵一健2，尚家杰2
(1. 宿迁学院机电工程学院，宿迁223800，江苏，中国；
2. 东北农业大学工程学院，哈尔滨150030，中国)
摘要：为校正主抛部件的作用，使对置斜盘有机肥侧抛装置整体物料抛射流达到窄、远、匀的理想状态，从侧抛装置各部件工作原理的基础分析入手，对附属机构（挡料板、上导流板、侧导流板）进行系统地优化研究。利用理论建模及MATLAB数值计算求解最远抛距肥料的抛离角及满足10 m级目标抛距肥料的最大、最小抛离角，用于附属机构各部件基础结构的优化与配置；分析挡料板对肥料运动的影响机制，优化挡料板高度及与主抛圆盘水平位置关系，指导出料口结构设计；综合理论分析结果拟合上导流板曲面，并附加侧导流板用于辅助限制抛射流散射角。
EDEM仿真显示：优化后的附属机构各部件配合效果良好，出料宽度变小，抛射流窄而集中，抛撒均匀性好。样机试验证实：抛射流侧面投影抛射夹角域从18°~45°调整为23°~32°，配合其他附属机构优化后，抛撒均匀度变异系数由25.95%降至19.21%，有效抛距由10.1 m增至11.2 m，散射角从12°降至4°，能有效提高侧抛装置抛撒性能。
关键词：有机肥侧抛；附属机构；优化研究；虚拟仿真；试验
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20251804.9168
引用信息: Liu H X, Xie Y T, Zhao Y J, Shang J J. Optimization and experimental study of the auxiliary mechanism for organicfertilizer side throwing. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2025; 18(4): 157–169.
点击阅读全文：Optimization and experimental study of the auxiliary mechanism for organic fertilizer side throwing
点击合集：PMS（动力与机械系统）
Optimization and experimental study of the auxiliary mechanism for organic fertilizer side throwing
Hongxin Liu1, Yongtao Xie1,2*, Yijian Zhao2, Jiajie Shang2
(1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suqian University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China;
2. College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China)
Abstract: To correct the working state of a throwing component and achieve an ideal narrow, far, and uniform material projectile flow for a side-throwing device for organic fertilizer with inclined opposing discs, a systematic optimization of the auxiliary mechanisms (baffle, upper deflector, and side deflector) was performed. Starting from a basic analysis of the working principles of each side-throwing device component, theoretical modeling and MATLAB numerical calculations were used to determine the departure angle providing the farthest fertilizer distance, as well as the maximum and minimum throwing angles required to achieve a target distance of 10 m. These calculations informed the optimization and configuration of the basic structures of each auxiliary mechanism component. The impact of the baffle on fertilizer movement was analyzed, leading to an optimization of the baffle’s height and its horizontal position in relation to the main throwing disc, guiding the design of the discharge port structure. Combining the theoretical analysis results, the surface of the upper deflector was fitted, and a side deflector was added to assist in limiting the scattering angle of the projectile flow. An EDEM simulation showed that the optimized auxiliary mechanisms worked well together, resulting in a narrower discharge width, a more concentrated projectile flow, and improved uniformity in spreading. Prototype testing confirmed that from the side projection angle between the spreading direction and vertically upward, the projectile flow angle domain was adjusted from 18°-45° to 23°-32°. With the optimization of other auxiliary mechanisms, the coefficient of variation in spreading uniformity decreased from 25.95% to 19.21%, the effective throwing distance increased from 10.1 to 11.2 m, and the scattering angle decreased from 12° to 4°, effectively enhancing the performance of the side-throwing device.
Keywords: organic fertilizer side throwing, auxiliary mechanism, optimization research, virtual simulation, experiment
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20251804.9168
Citation: Liu H X, Xie Y T, Zhao Y J, Shang J J. Optimization and experimental study of the auxiliary mechanism for organicfertilizer side throwing. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2025; 18(4): 157–169.
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