基于HYDRUS-1D模型对南疆矮砧密植滴灌苹果耗水特性及土壤水分动态模拟
曹振玺1,2,3，张楠1,8，黄维雄1,7，王兴鹏1,2,3,4,6*，高阳1,5*
(1. 塔里木大学水利水电与建筑工程学院，阿拉尔843300，新疆，中国；
2. 塔里木大学教育系普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室，阿拉尔843300，新疆，中国；
3. 中国农业科学院西部农业研究所，昌吉831100，新疆，中国;
4. 塔里木大学塔里木绿洲农业部重点实验室，阿拉尔84330，新疆，中国；
5. 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所，新乡453002，河南，中国；
6. 农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室，石河子832000，新疆，中国；
7. 中国地质大学环境学院长江流域环境水生科学湖北省重点实验室，武汉430078，中国；
8. 兵团兴新职业技术学院建筑工程与水利学院，铁门关843300，新疆，中国)
摘要：为研究干旱盐碱地区矮砧密植苹果生育期土壤水分动态及灌溉制度，在南疆地区设置5个灌水处理（W1：0.6W3，W2：0.8W3，W3：22.5 mm，W4：1.2W3，W5：1.4W3）。以新疆南疆矮砧苹果为研究对象，开展了为期3年（2019-2021年）的田间小区试验，并利用HYDRUS-1D模型对土壤水分实测数据进行模拟。
通过数值模拟分析根系土壤水分运移规律、根区土壤水分胁迫、苹果根系吸水能力和水分深层渗漏规律，评价模型对干旱盐碱区实际生产的适用性。通过对66种灌溉制度的模拟分析发现，土壤含水率和氮素的模拟值与实测值吻合较高，决定系数（R2）、均方根误差（RMSE）和一致性指数（d）的值均介于合理范围内。
当土壤水分胁迫量与深层渗漏量之和在19.81~21.11 mm之间时，农田水分损失量降到最低。综合考虑苹果根区最优水分动态分析，推荐灌溉制度为灌水19次、灌水定额27~36 mm、灌水周期6 d。通过研究结果和模型模拟，可为干旱盐碱地区矮砧密植苹果灌溉制度优化提供理论依据。
关键词：滴灌苹果；土壤水分动态；灌溉制度；数值模拟
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20251804.9227引用信息: Cao Z X, Zhang N, Huang W X, Wang X P, Gao Y. Dynamic simulation of the soil moisture of apple under drip irrigation with dwarf rootstock in arid saline-alkali areas based on HYDRUS-1D model. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2025; 18(4): 181–189.
点击阅读全文：Dynamic simulation of the soil moisture of apple under drip irrigation with dwarf rootstock in arid saline-alkali areas based on HYDRUS-1D model合集目录：NRES（自然资源与环境系统）
Dynamic simulation of the soil moisture of apple under drip irrigation with dwarf rootstock in arid saline-alkali areas based on HYDRUS-1D model
Zhenxi Cao1,2,3, Nan Zhang1,8, Weixiong Huang1,7, Xingpeng Wang1,2,3,4,6*, Yang Gao1,5*
(1. College of Water Hydraulic and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering in Ordinary Colleges and Universities, Department of Education, Autonomous Region, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China;
3. Institute of Western Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, Xinjiang, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Tarim Oasis Agriculture Ministry of Education, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China;
5. Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China;
6. Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water-Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China;
7. Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China;
8. College of Architectural Engineering and Water Hydraulic, Bingtuan Xingxin Vocational and Technical College, Tiemenguan City 843300, Xinjiang, China)
Abstract: In order to study the soil moisture dynamics and irrigation regimes during the growth period of dwarfing apples in arid and saline-alkali areas, five irrigation treatments (W1: 0.6W3, W2: 0.8W3, W3: 22.5 mm, W4: 1.2W3, W5: 1.4W3) were set up in the southern Xinjiang region. A three-year (2019-2021) field plot experiment of dwarf apple in southern Xinjiang was carried out, and the HYDRUS-1D model was used to simulate the measured data of soil moisture. The root soil moisture transport pattern, root zone soil moisture stress, apple root water absorption capacity, and water deep percolation pattern were analyzed by numerical simulation to evaluate the model’s applicability to actual production in arid saline-alkali areas. Through the simulation analysis of 66 irrigation regimes, it was found that the simulated values of soil moisture content and nitrogen were in good agreement with the measured values, and the values of determination coefficient (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and consistency index (d) were within a reasonable range. When the sum of soil water stress and deep percolation was between 19.81-21.11 mm, the water loss of farmland reached the minimum. Considering the optimal moisture dynamic analysis in the apple root zone, the recommended irrigation system was 19 times of irrigation, an irrigation quota of 27-36 mm, and an irrigation cycle of 6 d. Through the research results and model simulation, the theoretical basis can be provided for the optimization of irrigation system for dwarf rootstock apple in arid and saline-alkali areas.
Keywords: drip irrigated apple, soil moisture dynamics, irrigation regime, numerical simulation
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20251804.9227
Citation: Cao Z X, Zhang N, Huang W X, Wang X P, Gao Y. Dynamic simulation of the soil moisture of apple under drip irrigation with dwarf rootstock in arid saline-alkali areas based on HYDRUS-1D model. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2025; 18(4): 181–189.
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