Source from: Shiau, W.-L., Shih, C.-H., Qureshi, I., Yuan, Y., & Teng, C.-I. (2026). Do matched and mismatched null hypothesis significance testing of mediators matter? An example of fintech continuance and guidelines for the future. Decision Support Systems, 211, 114764.
Guideline 4: Applying and Reporting the Mediation Analysis ApproachResearchers should confirm hypothesis–model alignment before conducting mediation analysis and describe the analysis approach in the Methods section. Zhao et al. (2010) recommend directly evaluating the indirect effect using bootstrapping and applying their decision tree to classify the result. Researchers should report the resampling settings and confidence interval method, then evaluate the direct effect and effect directions. The Sobel test should not be treated as a universal standard. A suitable estimation procedure supports mediation inference only when the tested effect corresponds to the stated hypothesis.
指引四：采用并清楚报告中介分析方法研究者应确认假设与模型一致，再进行中介分析，并在方法段落中清楚说明分析方法。建议使用bootstrapping评估间接效果a × b，并依决策树判定结果类型。研究者报告bootstrapping设定与信赖区间方法，再评估直接效应及效应方向。仅说明进行中介分析，或将Sobel检定视为标准，不足以交代完整的分析依据。
研究者应该/不应该做的事
应做事项 | 不应做事项 |
1. Conduct mediation analysis only when the hypothesis model and the testing model are consistent. 1. 仅在假设模型与检定模型一致时，进行中介分析。 | 1. Conduct mediation analysis under mismatched NHST 1. 在假设与检定不一致的 NHST 下进行中介分析。 |
2. Declare the mediation analysis approach in the methods section. Recommend using Zhao et al. (2010)’s mediation decision tree. 2. 在方法段落中说明中介分析方法。建议使用 Zhao 等人 (2010) 的中介决策树。 | 2. State that mediation analysis is conducted without specifying the analysis approach. 2. 声称已进行中介分析，却未说明分析方法。 |
3. Adopt the bootstrapping method as the mediation analysis method. 3. 采用拔靴法进行中介分析。 | 3. Use the Sobel test as a standard. 3. 将 Sobel 检定视为标准。 |
Reference
Shiau, W.-L., Shih, C.-H., Qureshi, I., Yuan, Y., & Teng, C.-I. (2026). Do matched and mismatched null hypothesis significance testing of mediators matter? An example of fintech continuance and guidelines for the future. Decision Support Systems, 211, 114764.
Zhao, X., Lynch, J. G., Jr., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1086/651257
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
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