科学网-[图片，资料] 富兰克林炉 Franklin stove, 宾夕法尼亚壁炉 Pennsylvania fireplace-杨正瓴的博文

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[图片，资料] 富兰克林炉 Franklin stove, 宾夕法尼亚壁炉 Pennsylvania fireplace

2025-4-19 22:51

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[图片，资料] 富兰克林炉 Franklin stove, 宾夕法尼亚壁炉 Pennsylvania fireplace

benjamin-franklin-the-inventor-scaled_稀疏.jpg

图1 富兰克林 Benjamin Franklin, 1706-01-17(01-05) ~ 1790-04-14, 84

https://www.documentarytube.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/benjamin-franklin-the-inventor-scaled.jpg.webp

https://www.documentarytube.com/articles/benjamin-franklin-the-inventor/

富兰克林炉（Franklin stove），也被称为宾夕法尼亚州的壁炉（ Pennsylvania fireplace）

富兰克林炉：用铸铁制作，烧木材。

后来不断改进：可以烧煤，以及各种燃料。

如其现代版可以烧液化石油气 liquefied petroleum、天然气 natural gas。

富兰克林炉不需要电力，使其在停电时成为可靠的热源。

下面是网上搜集的一些图片：

对应英文的汉语，由机器翻译生成。

https://fi.edu/en/science-and-education/benjamin-franklin/inventions

The Franklin Stove.

In 1742, Franklin—perhaps fed up with the cold Pennsylvania winters—invented a better way to heat rooms. The Franklin stove, as it came to be called, was a metal-lined fireplace designed to stand a few inches away from the chimney. A hollow baffle at the rear let the heat from the fire mix with the air more quickly, and an inverted siphon helped to extract more heat. His invention also produced less smoke than a traditional fireplace, making it that much more desirable.

富兰克林炉。

1742年，富兰克林——也许厌倦了宾夕法尼亚州寒冷的冬天——发明了一种更好的房间供暖方法。富兰克林炉，顾名思义，是一个金属衬里的壁炉，设计成离烟囱几英寸远。后部的中空挡板让火的热量更快地与空气混合，倒虹吸管有助于提取更多的热量。他的发明产生的烟雾也比传统壁炉少，使其更受欢迎。

https://fi.edu/en/science-and-education/benjamin-franklin/inventions

Account_of_the_new_invented_Pennsylvania_fire-places_by_Benjamin_Franklin.jpeg

图2 Account_of_the_new_invented_Pennsylvania_fire-places_by_Benjamin_Franklin.jpeg

https://goodtimestove.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Account_of_the_new_invented_Pennsylvania_fire-places_by_Benjamin_Franklin.jpeg

https://goodtimestove.com/franklin-fireplaces/

Franklin's original design for the Franklin stove.

富兰克林炉的原始设计。

https://www.ushistory.org/franklin/images/franklinstove.jpg

https://www.ushistory.org/franklin/science/stove.htm

图3 eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2ZyYW5rbGluLXN0b3ZlLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6IjEyMDAifX19.webp

The Franklin Stove was a popular heating appliance in the United States for over 200 years. MIKROMAN6 / GETTY IMAGES

富兰克林炉在美国流行了200多年。MIKROMAN6/GETTY图片

https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2ZyYW5rbGluLXN0b3ZlLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6IjEyMDAifX19

https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/famous-inventors/10-ben-franklin-inventions.htm

The Franklin stove, also known as the Pennsylvania fireplace, is a remarkable invention that has had a significant impact on the way we heat our homes. Invented by Benjamin Franklin in 1742, this freestanding, cast-iron wood-burning stove revolutionized the way people warmed their houses during the 18th century. Over the years, the design of the Franklin stove has undergone various improvements, making it more efficient, safe, and visually appealing.

【机器翻译】富兰克林炉，也被称为宾夕法尼亚州的壁炉，是一项了不起的发明，对我们取暖的方式产生了重大影响。这种独立式铸铁燃木炉由本杰明·富兰克林于1742年发明，彻底改变了18世纪人们取暖的方式。多年来，富兰克林炉的设计经历了各种改进，使其更高效、更安全、更具视觉吸引力。

https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/famous-inventors/10-ben-franklin-inventions.htm

General_Franklin_Inventions_Stove_stove_稀疏.jpg

图4 General_Franklin_Inventions_Stove_stove.jpg

https://fi.edu/sites/default/files/2017-07/General_Franklin_Inventions_Stove_stove.jpg

https://fi.edu/en/science-and-education/benjamin-franklin/inventions

图5 FRksunshine_franklin_side_open_wood_600.jpg

https://goodtimestove.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/FRksunshine_franklin_side_open_wood_600.jpg

https://goodtimestove.com/franklin-fireplaces/

Circa: 1840 – 1920

Fuel: Wood/Coal

Burn Time: 2 – 6 Hours

大约：1840年至1920年

燃料：木材/煤炭

燃烧时间：2-6小时

图6 311094752_5945145388881997_7112761794528923057_n.jpeg

https://goodtimestove.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/311094752_5945145388881997_7112761794528923057_n.jpeg

https://goodtimestove.com/stove/berkeley-franklin-fireplace/

how-to-empty-wood-stove-with-ash-tray_938_IP370338-3.jpg

图7 how-to-empty-wood-stove-with-ash-tray_938_IP370338-3.jpg

https://bestsmallwoodstoves.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/how-to-empty-wood-stove-with-ash-tray_938_IP370338-3.jpg

https://bestsmallwoodstoves.com/what-size-stove-pipe-do-i-need-for-franklin-wood-stove/

推荐阅读：

[1] 武夷山，2025-04-18 18:27，富兰克林为什么发明取暖炉

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-1557-1482522.html

参考资料：

[1] 科普中国，2021-12-31，壁炉

https://www.kepuchina.cn/article/articleinfo?business_type=100&classify=0&ar_id=342973

[2] 百度，2025-03-24，富兰克林炉的演变：从发明到现代高效

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1827442941549182655&wfr=spider&for=pc

AI导读：本杰明·富兰克林1742年用铸铁挡板和倒置虹吸管革新取暖，虽初期烟道缺陷阻碍普及，但后世发明家持续改良，最终催生现代柴炉——无需电力、燃烧多样燃料、皂石保温，让传统壁炉的浪漫与现代高效完美相融。

本文内容根据science.howstuffworks.com网站上的文章总结和梳理而来, 如需了解更多信息，请访问该站点。

[3] The Franklin Institute, 2023, Benjamin Franklin’s Inventions

https://fi.edu/en/science-and-education/benjamin-franklin/inventions

[4] HowStuffWorks, 2023-08-18, The Evolution of the Franklin Stove: From Invention to Modern Efficiency

https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/famous-inventors/10-ben-franklin-inventions.htm

This article was created using AI technology.

The original design of the Franklin stove featured two key elements: a hollow baffle and an inverted siphon. These features allowed for improved heat extraction compared to conventional fireplaces. The inverted siphon, resembling a U-shaped flue, drew the hot burning gases upward and over the hollow baffle positioned at the back of the stove. As the gases passed over the baffle, the heat was transferred to the cast-iron walls, radiating warmth into the room through two strategically placed holes near the top of the stove.

富兰克林炉的原始设计有两个关键要素：一个中空挡板和一个倒虹吸管。与传统壁炉相比，这些特征可以改善热量提取。倒虹吸管类似于U形烟道，将热燃烧的气体向上抽吸，越过位于炉子后部的空心挡板。当气体通过挡板时，热量被传递到铸铁墙上，通过炉子顶部附近的两个战略性孔将热量辐射到房间里。

One notable improvement came from David R. Rittenhouse, who introduced an L-shaped flue in the late 1780s. This modification significantly improved the stove's draft, making it more efficient and popular among users.

一个显著的改进来自大卫·R·里滕豪斯，他在18世纪80年代末引入了L形烟道。这一修改显著提高了炉子的通风能力，使其在用户中更高效、更受欢迎。

The Franklin stove, invented by Benjamin Franklin in 1742, marked a significant milestone in the history of home heating. Its innovative design and focus on safety and efficiency transformed the way people heated their homes during the 18th century. Over time, the Franklin stove underwent improvements and modifications, leading to the development of modern wood stoves that offer even greater efficiency and functionality.

本杰明·富兰克林于1742年发明的富兰克林炉灶标志着家庭供暖史上的一个重要里程碑。其创新的设计以及对安全和效率的关注改变了18世纪人们供暖的方式。随着时间的推移，富兰克林炉灶经历了改进和修改，导致现代木炉灶的发展，提供了更高的效率和功能。

[5] FireWood Guide, , The Franklin Stove: A Detailed Review Of The Principles Of Work, Costs, Pros And Cons

https://firewoodguide.info/the-franklin-stove-a-review-of-work-and-costs/