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美国各州科技统计指标概况
武夷山
美国国家科学基金会下设的国家科学工程统计中心(NCSES)除了提供全国科技统计指标外,还提供各州科技统计指标概况(Science and Engineering State Profiles)。点击以下链接,https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/states/interactive/profile.cfm,可看到一幅美国地图。点击地图上任意一个州,就能看到该州的主要科技统计指标。
比如下表就反映了加州的情况。表格转贴过来后,不知为何行距变大。点击以下红色链接可看到正常行距的表格。
20170629加州科技Latest profile.docx
第二张表是加州执行的联邦政府各部门研发经费的情况。
| Latest profile (Most recent data)最新数据 | U.S. total 全国总量 | Map / Chart 地图 | |||
Characteristic, data year (unit) | Value 数值 | Rank 排序 | ||||
| All employed SEH doctorates, 2013 雇佣的科学、工程与医药卫生(SEH)博士总量 | 106,600 | 1 | 717,600 |
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| S&E doctorates awarded, 2015 科学与工程博士学位颁发数量 | 4,834 | 1 | 41,261 |
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| SEH postdoctorates in doctorate-granting institutions, 2015 具有博士授予权机构中的SHE博士后数量 | 10,546 | 1 | 63,700 |
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| SEH graduate students in doctorate-granting institutions, 2015,具有博士授予权机构中的研究生数量 | 61,185 | 1 | 604,944 |
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| Population, 2016 (thousands),人口(单位:千人) | 39,250 | 1 | 326,539 |
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| Civilian labor force, 2016 (thousands),民口劳动力数量(千人) | 19,103 | 1 | 159,861 |
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| Personal income per capita, 2016 (dollars),人均收入(美元) | 55,987 | 8 | 49,571 |
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| Federal spending,联邦政府支出 | | | | | |
| R&D obligations, 2015 ($millions),研发经费(百万美元) | 15,281 | 2 | 109,912 |
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| Total R&D performance, 2014 ($millions),执行的研发经费总量(百万美元) | 114,845 | 1 | 451,631 |
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| State R&D expenditures, 2015 ($thousands)。本州研发支出(千美元) | 500,072 | 1 | 2,210,820 |
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| Business R&D performance, 2014 ($millions) ,企业执行的研发经费总量(百万美元) | 98,488 | 1 | 331,222 |
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| Academic research space, 2015 (thousands sq. ft.),大学科研空间(千平方英尺) | 24,856 | 1 | 214,575 |
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| Higher education R&D performance, 2015 ($millions),高校执行的研发经费总量(百万美元) | 8,335 | 1 | 65,017 |
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| SBIR awards, 2015,申请获批的“小企业创新研究”项目数 | 948 | 1 | 4,534 |
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| Utility patents issued to state residents, 2015,本州居民获颁发明专利数 | 40,196 | 1 | 140,958 |
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| Gross domestic product, 2015 ($billions),GDP(10亿美元) | 2,459 | 1 | 17,933 |
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| Federal obligations for S&E R&D, by agency and performer, 2015 ($thousands),联邦政府支持的科学与工程研发经费(千美元),按机构和执行部门分列 | |||||
| All agencies,所有机构 | 15,280,643 | 2 | 109,912,351 |
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| Department of Agriculture,农业部 | 133,840 | 3 | 2,330,823 |
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| Department of Commerce,商务部 | 25,554 | 8 | 1,327,712 |
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| Department of Defense,国防部 | 5,983,248 | 1 | 45,045,953 |
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| Department of Energy,能源部 | 2,147,569 | 2 | 11,389,089 |
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| Department of Health and Human Services,卫生与人类服务部 | 3,402,051 | 2 | 29,975,768 |
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| Department of Homeland Security,国土安全部 | 65,977 | 4 | 731,030 |
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| Department of the Interior,内务部 | 66,829 | 5 | 799,823 |
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| Department of Transportation,运输部 | 38,895 | 5 | 853,054 |
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| Environmental Protection Agency,环境保护署 | 11,399 | 10 | 515,431 |
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| National Aeronautics and Space Administration,国家航空航天局 | 2,643,419 | 1 | 11,344,243 |
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| National Science Foundation,国家科学基金会 | 761,861 | 1 | 5,599,425 |
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比较一下中国的科技统计数据公开情况。在科技部网站“科技统计”栏目的“资料汇编”子栏目,有历年的《中国科技统计资料汇编》,最新版是2015年的。该汇编的第五部分是“各地区监测指标值和位次(http://www.sts.org.cn/zlhb/2015/统计资料汇编2014-20150323印刷.pdf),有兴趣者可点击浏览。
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