小柯机器人

美国德克萨斯大学Valentin Dragoi、Ariana R. Andrei团队的研究利用猴子体内动态相关活动揭示了快速代偿可塑性。这一研究成果发表在2023年10月12日出版的国际学术期刊《自然-神经科学》上。

研究人员证明了猴子视觉皮层（V1区域）中兴奋性神经元的重复光遗传学激活在清醒时的几分钟内诱导全部神经元相互作用强度的动态降低，但在休息期间则不然。这种新形式的快速可塑性仅在相关结构中观察到，并且在整个试验过程中发射率保持稳定。在平衡状态下运行的计算网络模型证实了实验结果，并揭示了抑制可塑性是响应重复光刺激相关活性降低的原因。

这些结果提供了在清醒运行时快速稳态可塑性的实验证据，其在强网络共激活期间稳定神经元间的相互作用。

据了解，为了产生适应性行为，神经网络必须在可塑性和稳定性之间取得平衡。计算工作已经证明，神经网络稳定需要重塑机制通过快速补偿过程来平衡。然而，尚未观察到这样的过程。

附：英文原文

Title: Rapid compensatory plasticity revealed by dynamic correlated activity in monkeys in vivo

Author: Andrei, Ariana R., Akil, Alan E., Kharas, Natasha, Rosenbaum, Robert, Josi, Kreimir, Dragoi, Valentin

Issue&Volume: 2023-10-12

Abstract: To produce adaptive behavior, neural networks must balance between plasticity and stability. Computational work has demonstrated that network stability requires plasticity mechanisms to be counterbalanced by rapid compensatory processes. However, such processes have yet to be experimentally observed. Here we demonstrate that repeated optogenetic activation of excitatory neurons in monkey visual cortex (area V1) induces a population-wide dynamic reduction in the strength of neuronal interactions over the timescale of minutes during the awake state, but not during rest. This new form of rapid plasticity was observed only in the correlation structure, with firing rates remaining stable across trials. A computational network model operating in the balanced regime confirmed experimental findings and revealed that inhibitory plasticity is responsible for the decrease in correlated activity in response to repeated light stimulation. These results provide the first experimental evidence for rapid homeostatic plasticity that primarily operates during wakefulness, which stabilizes neuronal interactions during strong network co-activation.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01446-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01446-w

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex