美国斯坦福大学Kerwyn Casey Huang等研究人员合作完成生理条件下的人类肠道环境分析。相关论文于2023年5月10日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。
研究人员表示，人类微生物组、蛋白质组和代谢组的时空结构反映并决定了区域性的肠道生理结构，并可能对疾病产生影响。然而，人们对微生物的分布、它们的环境和它们在肠道中的生化活动知之甚少，因为对粪便样本的依赖和在禁食或镇静的个体中使用内镜检查只能接触肠道的某些区域。
为了解决这些不足，研究人员开发了一种可摄取的装置，在正常消化过程中从人类肠道的多个区域收集样本。使用该设备收集了15个健康人的240个肠道样本，并进行了随后的多组学分析，确定了肠道中的细菌、噬菌体、宿主蛋白和代谢物与粪便之间的显著差异。某些微生物类群被不同程度地富集，原噬菌体的诱导在肠道中比在粪便中更普遍。宿主蛋白质组和胆汁酸谱沿肠道变化，与粪便高度不同。胆汁酸浓度的梯度和微生物丰度之间的相关性预示着通过解共轭改变胆汁酸库的物种。
此外，微生物结合的胆汁酸浓度表现出氨基酸依赖的趋势，这在粪便中并不明显。总的来说，在生理条件下沿着肠道对微生物、蛋白质和胆汁酸进行非侵入性的纵向分析，有助于阐明肠道微生物组和代谢组在人类生理和疾病中的作用。
附：英文原文
Title: Profiling the human intestinal environment under physiological conditions
Author: Shalon, Dari, Culver, Rebecca Neal, Grembi, Jessica A., Folz, Jacob, Treit, Peter V., Shi, Handuo, Rosenberger, Florian A., Dethlefsen, Les, Meng, Xiandong, Yaffe, Eitan, Aranda-Daz, Andrs, Geyer, Philipp E., Mueller-Reif, Johannes B., Spencer, Sean, Patterson, Andrew D., Triadafilopoulos, George, Holmes, Susan P., Mann, Matthias, Fiehn, Oliver, Relman, David A., Huang, Kerwyn Casey
Issue&Volume: 2023-05-10
Abstract: The spatiotemporal structure of the human microbiome1,2, proteome3 and metabolome4,5 reflects and determines regional intestinal physiology and may have implications for disease6. Yet, little is known about the distribution of microorganisms, their environment and their biochemical activity in the gut because of reliance on stool samples and limited access to only some regions of the gut using endoscopy in fasting or sedated individuals7. To address these deficiencies, we developed an ingestible device that collects samples from multiple regions of the human intestinal tract during normal digestion. Collection of 240 intestinal samples from 15 healthy individuals using the device and subsequent multi-omics analyses identified significant differences between bacteria, phages, host proteins and metabolites in the intestines versus stool. Certain microbial taxa were differentially enriched and prophage induction was more prevalent in the intestines than in stool. The host proteome and bile acid profiles varied along the intestines and were highly distinct from those of stool. Correlations between gradients in bile acid concentrations and microbial abundance predicted species that altered the bile acid pool through deconjugation. Furthermore, microbially conjugated bile acid concentrations exhibited amino acid-dependent trends that were not apparent in stool. Overall, non-invasive, longitudinal profiling of microorganisms, proteins and bile acids along the intestinal tract under physiological conditions can help elucidate the roles of the gut microbiome and metabolome in human physiology and disease.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05989-7
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05989-7
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
