山东农业大学段巧红等研究人员合作发现，柱头受体控制十字花科种内和种间屏障。该项研究成果于2023年1月25日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。
研究人员表示，开花植物已经演化出许多种内和种间的合子前生殖障碍，从而防止产生不利的后代。在一个物种内，自交不亲和（SI）是一种广泛使用的机制，它拒绝自交花粉来避免近交退化。种间障碍抑制种间繁殖，通常遵循SI×自交亲和（SC）规则，即种间花粉在SI雌蕊上单方不亲和（UI），而在SC雌蕊上单方亲和（UC）。在十字花科中，SI、UI、SC和UC的分子机制及其相互关系尚不清楚。
研究人员证明了SI花粉决定因素S-locus半胱氨酸富集蛋白/S-locus蛋白11（SCR/SP11）或来自UI花粉的信号与SI雌性决定因子S-locus受体激酶（SRK）结合，从而招募FERONIA（FER）并激活FER介导的SI柱头中的活性氧产生，以排斥不亲和的花粉。在亲和反应中，SC和UC花粉中分离的花粉包衣蛋白B-class不同程度地触发了一氧化氮、硝酯肟酸FER来抑制SC柱头中的活性氧，促进花粉以种内优先的方式生长，并保持了种内完整性。这些研究结果表明，SRK和FER整合了种内和种间屏障的机制，为实现十字花科作物的远源育种提供了途径。
附：英文原文
Title: Stigma receptors control intraspecies and interspecies barriers in Brassicaceae
Author: Huang, Jiabao, Yang, Lin, Yang, Liu, Wu, Xiaoyu, Cui, Xiaoshuang, Zhang, Lili, Hui, Jiyun, Zhao, Yumei, Yang, Hongmin, Liu, Shangjia, Xu, Quanling, Pang, Maoxuan, Guo, Xinping, Cao, Yunyun, Chen, Yu, Ren, Xinru, Lv, Jinzhi, Yu, Jianqiang, Ding, Junyi, Xu, Gang, Wang, Nian, Wei, Xiaochun, Lin, Qinghui, Yuan, Yuxiang, Zhang, Xiaowei, Ma, Chaozhi, Dai, Cheng, Wang, Pengwei, Wang, Yongchao, Cheng, Fei, Zeng, Weiqing, Palanivelu, Ravishankar, Wu, Hen-Ming, Zhang, Xiansheng, Cheung, Alice Y., Duan, Qiaohong
Issue&Volume: 2023-01-25
Abstract: Flowering plants have evolved numerous intraspecific and interspecific prezygotic reproductive barriers to prevent production of unfavourable offspring1. Within a species, self-incompatibility (SI) is a widely utilized mechanism that rejects self-pollen2,3 to avoid inbreeding depression. Interspecific barriers restrain breeding between species and often follow the SI × self-compatible (SC) rule, that is, interspecific pollen is unilaterally incompatible (UI) on SI pistils but unilaterally compatible (UC) on SC pistils1,4,5,6. The molecular mechanisms underlying SI, UI, SC and UC and their interconnections in the Brassicaceae remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that the SI pollen determinant S-locus cysteine-rich protein/S-locus protein 11 (SCR/SP11)2,3 or a signal from UI pollen binds to the SI female determinant S-locus receptor kinase (SRK)2,3, recruits FERONIA (FER)7,8,9 and activates FER-mediated reactive oxygen species production in SI stigmas10,11 to reject incompatible pollen. For compatible responses, diverged pollen coat protein B-class12,13,14 from SC and UC pollen differentially trigger nitric oxide, nitrosate FER to suppress reactive oxygen species in SC stigmas to facilitate pollen growth in an intraspecies-preferential manner, maintaining species integrity. Our results show that SRK and FER integrate mechanisms underlying intraspecific and interspecific barriers and offer paths to achieve distant breeding in Brassicaceae crops.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05640-x
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05640-x
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
