小柯机器人

北京大学生命科学学院Yulong Li团队近期取得重要工作进展，他们研究提出了一种基因编码的传感器，可用于测量不同神经元间室催产素释放的调节动态。相关研究成果2023年1月2日在线发表于《自然—生物技术》杂志上。

据介绍，催产素（OT）是一种肽激素和神经调节剂，参与中枢神经系统和外周的各种生理和病理生理过程。然而，大脑中空间OT释放的调节和功能序列仍不清楚。

研究人员介绍了一种基因编码的基于G蛋白偶联受体激活的（GRAB）OT传感器，称为GRAB_OT1.0。与之前的方法相比，GRAB_OT1.0能够以合适的灵敏度、特异性和时空分辨率对OT释放进行体内外成像。使用该传感器，研究人员观察了刺激诱导的小鼠脑切片中特定神经元间室的OT释放，并发现N型钙通道主要介导轴突OT释放，而L型钙通道介导体树突OT释放。研究人员确定了轴突末端OT释放的融合机制与体细胞和树突的差异。最后，研究人员测量了雄性求爱行为期间小鼠不同脑区的OT释放动态。

因此，GRAB_OT1.0提供了有关间室OT释放在生理和行为功能中的作用见解。

附：英文原文

Title: A genetically encoded sensor measures temporal oxytocin release from different neuronal compartments

Author: Qian, Tongrui, Wang, Huan, Wang, Peng, Geng, Lan, Mei, Long, Osakada, Takuya, Wang, Lei, Tang, Yan, Kania, Alan, Grinevich, Valery, Stoop, Ron, Lin, Dayu, Luo, Minmin, Li, Yulong

Issue&Volume: 2023-01-02

Abstract: Oxytocin (OT), a peptide hormone and neuromodulator, is involved in diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system and the periphery. However, the regulation and functional sequences of spatial OT release in the brain remain poorly understood. We describe a genetically encoded G-protein-coupled receptor activation-based (GRAB) OT sensor called GRABOT1.0. In contrast to previous methods, GRABOT1.0 enables imaging of OT release ex vivo and in vivo with suitable sensitivity, specificity and spatiotemporal resolution. Using this sensor, we visualize stimulation-induced OT release from specific neuronal compartments in mouse brain slices and discover that N-type calcium channels predominantly mediate axonal OT release, whereas L-type calcium channels mediate somatodendritic OT release. We identify differences in the fusion machinery of OT release for axon terminals versus somata and dendrites. Finally, we measure OT dynamics in various brain regions in mice during male courtship behavior. Thus, GRABOT1.0 provides insights into the role of compartmental OT release in physiological and behavioral functions.

DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01561-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01561-2

Nature Biotechnology：《自然—生物技术》，创刊于1996年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：68.164
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/nbt/
投稿链接：https://mts-nbt.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex