小柯机器人

俄罗斯科学院Denis V. Tikhonenkov等研究人员合作发现，微生物捕食者形成了一个新的真核生物超群。相关论文于2022年12月7日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。

研究人员报告了通过培养分离出来的10个以前没有描述过的微生物捕食者菌株，它们共同组成了一个多样化的新的真核生物超群，称为Provora。Provora超群在遗传学、形态学和行为学上与其他真核生物不同，包括两个不同的捕食者支系——Nebulidia和Nibbleridia，它们表面上彼此相似，但在超微结构、行为和基因含量上有根本的不同。这些捕食者分布在全球的海洋和淡水环境中，但数量很少，因此被分子多样性调查所忽视。在高通量分析的时代，通过培养来调查真核生物的多样性对于发现罕见但在生态和演化上重要的真核生物仍然是不可或缺的。

据了解，微生物真核生物的分子系统学重新塑造了生命之树，并建立了广泛的分类学划分，称为超群，这取代了传统的动物、真菌和植物界，并包括了更广泛的真核生物多样性。绝大多数新发现的物种都属于少数已知的超群。然而，最近描述了一些与其他超群没有明确关系的物种，从而提出了关于未发现的多样性的性质和程度的问题，并暴露了严格基于分子的探索的局限性。

附：英文原文

Title: Microbial predators form a new supergroup of eukaryotes

Author: Tikhonenkov, Denis V., Mikhailov, Kirill V., Gawryluk, Ryan M. R., Belyaev, Artem O., Mathur, Varsha, Karpov, Sergey A., Zagumyonnyi, Dmitry G., Borodina, Anastasia S., Prokina, Kristina I., Mylnikov, Alexander P., Aleoshin, Vladimir V., Keeling, Patrick J.

Issue&Volume: 2022-12-07

Abstract: Molecular phylogenetics of microbial eukaryotes has reshaped the tree of life by establishing broad taxonomic divisions, termed supergroups, that supersede the traditional kingdoms of animals, fungi and plants, and encompass a much greater breadth of eukaryotic diversity1. The vast majority of newly discovered species fall into a small number of known supergroups. Recently, however, a handful of species with no clear relationship to other supergroups have been described2,3,4, raising questions about the nature and degree of undiscovered diversity, and exposing the limitations of strictly molecular-based exploration. Here we report ten previously undescribed strains of microbial predators isolated through culture that collectively form a diverse new supergroup of eukaryotes, termed Provora. The Provora supergroup is genetically, morphologically and behaviourally distinct from other eukaryotes, and comprises two divergent clades of predators—Nebulidia and Nibbleridia—that are superficially similar to each other, but differ fundamentally in ultrastructure, behaviour and gene content. These predators are globally distributed in marine and freshwater environments, but are numerically rare and have consequently been overlooked by molecular-diversity surveys. In the age of high-throughput analyses, investigation of eukaryotic diversity through culture remains indispensable for the discovery of rare but ecologically and evolutionarily important eukaryotes.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05511-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05511-5

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
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