小柯机器人

浙江大学医学院林贤丰等研究人员合作发现，一种源于植物的天然光合作用系统可用于改善细胞的新陈代谢。2022年12月7日，《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员开发了一个独立的、可控的、基于纳米类囊体单元（NTU）的纳米植物源光合系统。为了实现跨物种的应用，研究人员使用了一种特定的成熟细胞膜（软骨细胞膜CM）进行伪装封装。作为概念证明，研究人员证明这些CM-NTU通过膜融合进入软骨细胞，避免溶酶体降解并实现快速渗透。此外，CM-NTU在暴露于光下后，在原位增加了细胞内ATP和NADPH水平，并改善了退化软骨细胞的新陈代谢。它们还可以系统地纠正能量失衡，恢复细胞代谢，从而改善软骨的稳态，防止骨关节炎的病理进展。研究人员对退行性疾病的治疗策略是基于一个天然的光合作用系统，它可以通过独立提供关键的能量和代谢载体来可控地增强细胞的新陈代谢。这项研究还加强了对生物有机体和复合生物材料的制备和应用于疾病治疗的理解。

据介绍，细胞内新陈代谢不足是参与人体许多病理过程的一个关键因素。细胞内物质的新陈代谢需要消耗足够的细胞内能量并产生还原当量。ATP是细胞内生物过程的“能量货币”，而NADPH的还原形式是一个关键的电子供体，为新陈代谢提供还原力。在病理条件下，很难纠正受损的新陈代谢，也很难将ATP和NADPH的不足水平提高到最佳浓度。

附：英文原文

Title: A plant-derived natural photosynthetic system for improving cell anabolism

Author: Chen, Pengfei, Liu, Xin, Gu, Chenhui, Zhong, Peiyu, Song, Nan, Li, Mobai, Dai, Zhanqiu, Fang, Xiangqian, Liu, Zhaoming, Zhang, Jianfeng, Tang, Ruikang, Fan, Shunwu, Lin, Xianfeng

Issue&Volume: 2022-12-07

Abstract: Insufficient intracellular anabolism is a crucial factor involved in many pathological processes in the body1,2. The anabolism of intracellular substances requires the consumption of sufficient intracellular energy and the production of reducing equivalents. ATP acts as an ‘energy currency’ for biological processes in cells3,4, and the reduced form of NADPH is a key electron donor that provides reducing power for anabolism5. Under pathological conditions, it is difficult to correct impaired anabolism and to increase insufficient levels of ATP and NADPH to optimum concentrations1,4,6,7,8. Here we develop an independent and controllable nanosized plant-derived photosynthetic system based on nanothylakoid units (NTUs). To enable cross-species applications, we use a specific mature cell membrane (the chondrocyte membrane (CM)) for camouflage encapsulation. As proof of concept, we demonstrate that these CM-NTUs enter chondrocytes through membrane fusion, avoid lysosome degradation and achieve rapid penetration. Moreover, the CM-NTUs increase intracellular ATP and NADPH levels in situ following exposure to light and improve anabolism in degenerated chondrocytes. They can also systemically correct energy imbalance and restore cellular metabolism to improve cartilage homeostasis and protect against pathological progression of osteoarthritis. Our therapeutic strategy for degenerative diseases is based on a natural photosynthetic system that can controllably enhance cell anabolism by independently providing key energy and metabolic carriers. This study also provides an enhanced understanding of the preparation and application of bioorganisms and composite biomaterials for the treatment of disease.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05499-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05499-y

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
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