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菊粉纤维促进微生物群的胆汁酸和2型炎症的发生
2022-11-06 19:18

近日,美国康奈尔大学David Artis等研究人员合作发现,菊粉纤维促进微生物群的胆汁酸和2型炎症的发生。2022年11月2日,《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

利用微生物测序和非靶向代谢组学,研究人员表明菊粉纤维饮食改变了小鼠微生物群的组成和微生物群衍生的代谢物的水平,特别是胆汁酸。这种代谢组的变化与肠道和肺部的2型炎症有关,其特征是IL-33的产生、第2组先天性淋巴细胞的激活和嗜酸性粒细胞增多。输送胆汁酸可以模拟菊粉诱导的2型炎症,而删除胆汁酸受体类法尼醇X受体会减少菊粉的影响。

菊粉的作用依赖于微生物群,并且在用人类衍生的微生物群定植的小鼠中得到了重现。此外,一个细菌物种中的胆汁酸代谢酶的基因缺失抵消菊粉引发2型炎症的能力。最后,研究人员证明菊粉会增强过敏原和寄生虫引起的2型炎症。综上所述,这些数据显示,膳食菊粉纤维引发微生物群衍生的胆酸和屏障表面的2型炎症,对理解过敏性炎症的病理生理学、组织保护和宿主防御有意义。

据介绍,膳食纤维可以通过微生物发酵的短链脂肪酸代谢产物发挥有益的抗炎作用,尽管大多数纤维膳食及其微生物群衍生的代谢产物的免疫调节作用仍然没有得到很好的定义。

附:英文原文

Title: Inulin fibre promotes microbiota-derived bile acids and type 2 inflammation

Author: Arifuzzaman, Mohammad, Won, Tae Hyung, Li, Ting-Ting, Yano, Hiroshi, Digumarthi, Sreehaas, Heras, Andrea F., Zhang, Wen, Parkhurst, Christopher N., Kashyap, Sanchita, Jin, Wen-Bing, Putzel, Gregory Garbs, Tsou, Amy M., Chu, Coco, Wei, Qianru, Grier, Alex, Worgall, Stefan, Guo, Chun-Jun, Schroeder, Frank C., Artis, David

Issue&Volume: 2022-11-02

Abstract: Dietary fibres can exert beneficial anti-inflammatory effects through microbially fermented short-chain fatty acid metabolites1,2, although the immunoregulatory roles of most fibre diets and their microbiota-derived metabolites remain poorly defined. Here, using microbial sequencing and untargeted metabolomics, we show that a diet of inulin fibre alters the composition of the mouse microbiota and the levels of microbiota-derived metabolites, notably bile acids. This metabolomic shift is associated with type 2 inflammation in the intestine and lungs, characterized by IL-33 production, activation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells and eosinophilia. Delivery of cholic acid mimics inulin-induced type 2 inflammation, whereas deletion of the bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor diminishes the effects of inulin. The effects of inulin are microbiota dependent and were reproduced in mice colonized with human-derived microbiota. Furthermore, genetic deletion of a bile-acid-metabolizing enzyme in one bacterial species abolishes the ability of inulin to trigger type 2 inflammation. Finally, we demonstrate that inulin enhances allergen- and helminth-induced type 2 inflammation. Taken together, these data reveal that dietary inulin fibre triggers microbiota-derived cholic acid and type 2 inflammation at barrier surfaces with implications for understanding the pathophysiology of allergic inflammation, tissue protection and host defence.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05380-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05380-y

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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