小柯机器人

英国伦敦学院大学Mark G. Thomas等研究人员合作揭示欧洲的乳品业、疾病和乳糖酶耐受性的演变。2022年7月27日，《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

Author: Evershed, Richard P., Davey Smith, George, Roffet-Salque, Mlanie, Timpson, Adrian, Diekmann, Yoan, Lyon, Matthew S., Cramp, Lucy J. E., Casanova, Emmanuelle, Smyth, Jessica, Whelton, Helen L., Dunne, Julie, Brychova, Veronika, oberl, Lucija, Gerbault, Pascale, Gillis, Rosalind E., Heyd, Volker, Johnson, Emily, Kendall, Iain, Manning, Katie, Marciniak, Arkadiusz, Outram, Alan K., Vigne, Jean-Denis, Shennan, Stephen, Bevan, Andrew, Colledge, Sue, Allason-Jones, Lyndsay, Amkreutz, Luc, Anders, Alexandra, Arbogast, Rose-Marie, Blescu, Adrian, Bnffy, Eszter, Barclay, Alistair, Behrens, Anja, Bogucki, Peter, Carrancho Alonso, ngel, Carretero, Jos Miguel, Cavanagh, Nigel, Claen, Erich, Collado Giraldo, Hipolito, Conrad, Matthias, Csengeri, Piroska, Czerniak, Lech, Dbiec, Maciej, Denaire, Anthony, Domborczki, Lszl, Donald, Christina, Ebert, Julia, Evans, Christopher, Francs-Negro, Marta, Gronenborn, Detlef, Haack, Fabian, Halle, Matthias, Hamon, Caroline, Hlshoff, Roman, Ilett, Michael, Iriarte, Eneko, Jakucs, Jnos, Jeunesse, Christian, Johnson, Melanie, Jones, Andy M., Karul, Necmi, Kiosak, Dmytro, Kotova, Nadezhda, Krause, Rdiger, Kretschmer, Saskia, Krger, Marta, Lefranc, Philippe

Issue&Volume: 2022-07-27

Abstract: In European and many African, Middle Eastern and southern Asian populations, lactase persistence (LP) is the most strongly selected monogenic trait to have evolved over the past 10,000years1. Although the selection of LP and the consumption of prehistoric milk must be linked, considerable uncertainty remains concerning their spatiotemporal configuration and specific interactions2,3. Here we provide detailed distributions of milk exploitation across Europe over the past 9,000years using around 7,000 pottery fat residues from more than 550 archaeological sites. European milk use was widespread from the Neolithic period onwards but varied spatially and temporally in intensity. Notably, LP selection varying with levels of prehistoric milk exploitation is no better at explaining LP allele frequency trajectories than uniform selection since the Neolithic period. In the UK Biobank4,5 cohort of 500,000 contemporary Europeans, LP genotype was only weakly associated with milk consumption and did not show consistent associations with improved fitness or health indicators. This suggests that other reasons for the beneficial effects of LP should be considered for its rapid frequency increase. We propose that lactase non-persistent individuals consumed milk when it became available but, under conditions of famine and/or increased pathogen exposure, this was disadvantageous, driving LP selection in prehistoric Europe. Comparison of model likelihoods indicates that population fluctuations, settlement density and wild animal exploitation—proxies for these drivers—provide better explanations of LP selection than the extent of milk exploitation. These findings offer new perspectives on prehistoric milk exploitation and LP evolution.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05010-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05010-7

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html