美国辛辛那提大学医学院Sing Sing Way团队近期取得重要工作进展，他们研究发现妊娠可使抗体保护免受细胞内感染 。该项工作2022年6月8日在线出版于《自然》杂志上。
在这里，研究人员展示了妊娠诱导的翻译后抗体修饰能够保护人们免受细胞内典型病原体单核细胞增多症李氏菌（ L. monocytogenes）的侵害。怀孕前拥有L. monocytogenes特异性IgG的母亲所生的新生小鼠，或被动转移了来自已经怀孕但不是处女的小鼠的抗体后，感染易感性得到了逆转。尽管母体B细胞对于产生介导垂直转移保护的IgG是必不可少的，但它们对于获得保护功能的抗体是可有可无的，这需要唾液酸乙酰酯酶来使IgG可变区N-连接聚糖末端唾液酸残基去乙酰化。
去乙酰化L. monocytogenes特异性IgG通过唾液酸受体CD22保护新生儿，抑制B细胞产生IL-10，从而导致抗体介导的保护。将母胎二分体视为一个联合免疫单元，揭示了抗体对细胞内感染的保护作用，以及在怀孕和生命早期增强宿主防御的调整适应性。
据介绍，适应性免疫成分被认为在抗微生物宿主防御中发挥不重叠的作用，抗体靶向细胞外环境中的病原体，T细胞消除细胞内的感染。依赖于母亲向婴儿垂直转移免疫的抗体可能解释新生儿对细胞内感染的敏感性。
附：英文原文
Title: Pregnancy enables antibody protection against intracellular infection
Author: Erickson, John J., Archer-Hartmann, Stephanie, Yarawsky, Alexander E., Miller, Jeanette L. C., Seveau, Stephanie, Shao, Tzu-Yu, Severance, Ashley L., Miller-Handley, Hilary, Wu, Yuehong, Pham, Giang, Wasik, Brian R., Parrish, Colin R., Hu, Yueh-Chiang, Lau, Joseph T. Y., Azadi, Parastoo, Herr, Andrew B., Way, Sing Sing
Issue&Volume: 2022-06-08
Abstract: Adaptive immune components are thought to exert non-overlapping roles in antimicrobial host defence, with antibodies targeting pathogens in the extracellular environment and T cells eliminating infection inside cells1,2. Reliance on antibodies for vertically transferred immunity from mothers to babies may explain neonatal susceptibility to intracellular infections3,4. Here we show that pregnancy-induced post-translational antibody modification enables protection against the prototypical intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Infection susceptibility was reversed in neonatal mice born to preconceptually primed mothers possessing L. monocytogenes-specific IgG or after passive transfer of antibodies from primed pregnant, but not virgin, mice. Although maternal B cells were essential for producing IgGs that mediate vertically transferred protection, they were dispensable for antibody acquisition of protective function, which instead required sialic acid acetyl esterase5 to deacetylate terminal sialic acid residues on IgG variable-region N-linked glycans. Deacetylated L. monocytogenes-specific IgG protected neonates through the sialic acid receptor CD226,7, which suppressed IL-10 production by B cells leading to antibody-mediated protection. Consideration of the maternal–fetal dyad as a joined immunological unit reveals protective roles for antibodies against intracellular infection and fine-tuned adaptations to enhance host defence during pregnancy and early life.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04816-9
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04816-9
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
