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一个视前神经元群体控制着生病时的发烧和食欲
2022-06-12 22:56
来源：小柯机器人

美国哈佛大学Catherine Dulac小组发现，一个视前神经元群体控制着生病时的发烧和食欲。相关论文于2022年6月8日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。

研究人员确定了下丘脑腹内侧视前区（VMPO）的一个以前未被描述的神经元群体，这些神经元在脂多糖（LPS）或聚肌苷酸：聚胞苷酸诱发的疾病后被激活。这些神经元对产生发烧反应和其他疾病症状，如寻求温暖和食欲不振至关重要。单核RNA测序和多重防错荧光原位杂交发现了LPS激活的VMPO（VMPOLPS）神经元和非神经元细胞的身份和分布。基因表达和电生理测量表明，在感染期间，非神经元细胞释放的免疫信号会激活附近的VMPOLPS神经元，这是一种旁分泌机制。
 
最后，结果表明，VMPOLPS神经元对与行为和稳态功能相关的大脑区域的活动产生广泛影响，并与控制体温和食欲的电路节点有突触和功能上的联系。这些结果共同揭示了VMPOLPS神经元是一个控制枢纽，它整合了免疫信号来协调应对感染的多种疾病症状。
 
据悉，在感染期间，动物在生理和行为上表现出适应性变化，这是为了提高生存能力。尽管存在许多感染的原因，但它们会引发类似的刻板症状，如发烧、寻求温暖、食欲不振和疲劳。然而，神经系统究竟是如何改变体温和触发疾病行为以协调对感染的反应的，仍然是未知的。
 
附：英文原文
 
Title: A preoptic neuronal population controls fever and appetite during sickness

Author: Osterhout, Jessica A., Kapoor, Vikrant, Eichhorn, Stephen W., Vaughn, Eric, Moore, Jeffrey D., Liu, Ding, Lee, Dean, DeNardo, Laura A., Luo, Liqun, Zhuang, Xiaowei, Dulac, Catherine

Issue&Volume: 2022-06-08

Abstract: During infection, animals exhibit adaptive changes in physiology and behaviour aimed at increasing survival. Although many causes of infection exist, they trigger similar stereotyped symptoms such as fever, warmth-seeking, loss of appetite and fatigue1,2. Yet exactly how the nervous system alters body temperature and triggers sickness behaviours to coordinate responses to infection remains unknown. Here we identify a previously uncharacterized population of neurons in the ventral medial preoptic area (VMPO) of the hypothalamus that are activated after sickness induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. These neurons are crucial for generating a fever response and other sickness symptoms such as warmth-seeking and loss of appetite. Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing and multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization uncovered the identity and distribution of LPS-activated VMPO (VMPOLPS) neurons and non-neuronal cells. Gene expression and electrophysiological measurements implicate a paracrine mechanism in which the release of immune signals by non-neuronal cells during infection activates nearby VMPOLPS neurons. Finally, we show that VMPOLPS neurons exert a broad influence on the activity of brain areas associated with behavioural and homeostatic functions and are synaptically and functionally connected to circuit nodes controlling body temperature and appetite. Together, these results uncover VMPOLPS neurons as a control hub that integrates immune signals to orchestrate multiple sickness symptoms in response to infection.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04793-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04793-z

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表

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