小柯机器人

美国犹他大学Frans Vinberg和美国斯克里普斯研究所Anne Hanneken研究团队共同合作取得重要进展。他们提出了光信号在死后老鼠和人视网膜中的复苏的可能性因素。该项研究成果2022年5月11日在线发表于《自然》杂志上。

在这里，研究人员使用视网膜作为中枢神经系统的模型，系统地检查死亡和神经元复苏的动力学。他们证明了神经元信号的迅速下降，并确定了在死后小鼠和人类视网膜中恢复同步的体内类似跨突触传递的条件。他们在人死后5小时内测量人黄斑光感受器中的光诱发反应，并确定导致死后光信号的可逆和不可逆信号丧失的可改变因素。最后，他们量化了人类和猕猴视网膜周边和黄斑区的光传导的限速失活反应，这是一个模型G蛋白信号级联。研究人员认为他们的方法将具有广泛的应用和影响，能够对人类中枢神经系统进行变革性研究，提出关于神经元细胞死亡不可逆转性的问题，并为视觉康复提供新的途径。

据介绍，死亡被定义为循环、呼吸或大脑活动不可逆转的停止。许多外周人体器官可以通过协议从已故捐赠者身上移植，以优化被移植者的生存能力。然而，中枢神经系统的组织在循环停止后迅速失去活力，从而阻碍了它们的移植潜力。导致神经元死亡的时间过程和机制以及复苏的可能性仍然不明确。

附：英文原文

Title: Revival of light signalling in the postmortem mouse and human retina

Author: Abbas, Fatima, Becker, Silke, Jones, Bryan W., Mure, Ludovic S., Panda, Satchidananda, Hanneken, Anne, Vinberg, Frans

Issue&Volume: 2022-05-11

Abstract: Death is defined as the irreversible cessation of circulatory, respiratory or brain activity. Many peripheral human organs can be transplanted from deceased donors using protocols to optimize viability. However, tissues from the central nervous system rapidly lose viability after circulation ceases1,2, impeding their potential for transplantation. The time course and mechanisms causing neuronal death and the potential for revival remain poorly defined. Here, using the retina as a model of the central nervous system, we systemically examine the kinetics of death and neuronal revival. We demonstrate the swift decline of neuronal signalling and identify conditions for reviving synchronous in vivo-like trans-synaptic transmission in postmortem mouse and human retina. We measure light-evoked responses in human macular photoreceptors in eyes removed up to 5h after death and identify modifiable factors that drive reversible and irreversible loss of light signalling after death. Finally, we quantify the rate-limiting deactivation reaction of phototransduction, a model G protein signalling cascade, in peripheral and macular human and macaque retina. Our approach will have broad applications and impact by enabling transformative studies in the human central nervous system, raising questions about the irreversibility of neuronal cell death, and providing new avenues for visual rehabilitation.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04709-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04709-x

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html