小柯机器人

美国北卡罗莱纳大学Juan Song团队揭示，下丘脑对小鼠成年海马神经发生的调控赋予记忆和焦虑样行为的活动依赖性调节作用。相关论文于2022年5月6日在线发表在《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

研究人员发现，对小鼠下丘脑上核（SuM）神经元的慢性模式化光遗传刺激在多个阶段有力地促进了神经发生，导致神经干细胞和行为相关成体出生神经元（ABN）的产生增加，成熟度提高。在功能上，选择性地操纵这些SuM促进的ABN活动可以调节记忆检索和焦虑样行为。此外，结果表明，SuM神经元对环境新奇性（EN）有高度反应，并且是EN诱导的神经发生增强所必需的。此外，SuM是新环境下ABN活动依赖性行为调节的需要。这项研究确定了一个关键的下丘脑回路，它将新奇的信号与ABN的产生和成熟联系起来，并强调了回路修饰的ABN在行为调节中的活动依赖性贡献。

据介绍，成年海马神经发生在记忆和情感处理中起着关键作用，这一过程受到神经回路活动的动态调节。然而，操纵神经回路活动是否能达到足够的神经源效应来调节行为仍然是未知的。

附：英文原文

Title: Hypothalamic modulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice confers activity-dependent regulation of memory and anxiety-like behavior

Author: Li, Ya-Dong, Luo, Yan-Jia, Chen, Ze-Ka, Quintanilla, Luis, Cherasse, Yoan, Zhang, Libo, Lazarus, Michael, Huang, Zhi-Li, Song, Juan

Issue&Volume: 2022-05-06

Abstract: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis plays a critical role in memory and emotion processing, and this process is dynamically regulated by neural circuit activity. However, it remains unknown whether manipulation of neural circuit activity can achieve sufficient neurogenic effects to modulate behavior. Here we report that chronic patterned optogenetic stimulation of supramammillary nucleus (SuM) neurons in the mouse hypothalamus robustly promotes neurogenesis at multiple stages, leading to increased production of neural stem cells and behaviorally relevant adult-born neurons (ABNs) with enhanced maturity. Functionally, selective manipulation of the activity of these SuM-promoted ABNs modulates memory retrieval and anxiety-like behaviors. Furthermore, we show that SuM neurons are highly responsive to environmental novelty (EN) and are required for EN-induced enhancement of neurogenesis. Moreover, SuM is required for ABN activity-dependent behavioral modulation under a novel environment. Our study identifies a key hypothalamic circuit that couples novelty signals to the production and maturation of ABNs, and highlights the activity-dependent contribution of circuit-modified ABNs in behavioral regulation. Li et al. report a key brain region in the hypothalamus that effectively modulates the production and properties of new neurons generated in adulthood. These hypothalamic modified new neurons are critical for memory and anxiety-like behavior.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01065-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-022-01065-x

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex