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性腺激素受体的基因调节是大脑性别差异的基础
2022-05-08 22:45

美国冷泉港实验室J. Tollkuhn研究小组发现,性腺激素受体的基因调节是大脑性别差异的基础。相关论文于2022年5月4日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。

研究人员产生了一个全面的雌激素受体-α(ERα)基因组结合位点图谱,该图谱在一个介导社会行为的性双态神经回路中。研究人员结论是,ERα通过两种机制协调小鼠大脑的性分化:建立两种偏向男性的神经元类型和激活一个持续的偏向男性的基因表达程序。总之,这些研究结果显示,基因表达的性别差异是由激素对神经元类固醇受体的激活决定的。这项确定的分子靶标可能是雌二醇对大脑发育、行为和疾病影响的基础。

据悉,雌二醇在许多脊椎动物中建立了神经上的性别差异,并在成年后调节情绪、行为和能量平衡。在经典途径中,雌二醇通过转录因子ERα发挥其作用。虽然ERα在乳腺癌中已被广泛描述,但ERα的神经元靶点以及它们在大脑性别差异中的参与情况在很大程度上仍是未知的。

附:英文原文

Title: Gene regulation by gonadal hormone receptors underlies brain sex differences

Author: Gegenhuber, B., Wu, M. V., Bronstein, R., Tollkuhn, J.

Issue&Volume: 2022-05-04

Abstract: Oestradiol establishes neural sex differences in many vertebrates1,2,3 and modulates mood, behaviour and energy balance in adulthood4,5,6,7,8. In the canonical pathway, oestradiol exerts its effects through the transcription factor oestrogen receptor-α (ERα)9. Although ERα has been extensively characterized in breast cancer, the neuronal targets of ERα, and their involvement in brain sex differences, remain largely unknown. Here we generate a comprehensive map of genomic ERα-binding sites in a sexually dimorphic neural circuit that mediates social behaviours. We conclude that ERα orchestrates sexual differentiation of the mouse brain through two mechanisms: establishing two male-biased neuron types and activating a sustained male-biased gene expression program. Collectively, our findings reveal that sex differences in gene expression are defined by hormonal activation of neuronal steroid receptors. The molecular targets we identify may underlie the effects of oestradiol on brain development, behaviour and disease.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04686-1

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04686-1

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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