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科学家揭示影响荷兰人群肠道微生物群的环境因素
2022-04-17 13:11
来源：小柯机器人

近日，荷兰格罗宁根大学R. K. Weersma等研究人员合作揭示影响荷兰人群肠道微生物群的环境因素。2022年4月13日，国际知名学术期刊《自然》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员对来自2,756个家庭三代队列的8,208个荷兰人肠道微生物组中的细菌组成、功能、抗生素抗性和毒力因素进行了分析。研究人员将这些因素与241个宿主和环境因素相关联，包括身体和精神健康、药物使用、饮食、社会经济因素以及童年和当前的暴露组。研究人员发现，微生物组主要是由环境和同居关系塑造的。只有大约6.6%的分类群是可遗传的，而大约48.6%的分类群的变异是由同居关系显著解释的。通过识别微生物组和健康之间的2856个关联，研究人员发现看似不相关的疾病都有一个共同的微生物组特征，这与合并症无关。
 
此外，研究人员确定了微生物组特征与饮食、社会经济以及早期生活和当前暴露组之间的7519个关联，众多早期生活和当前因素与微生物组功能和组成显著相关。总的来说，这项研究对肠道微生物组以及遗传性和暴露的潜在影响提供了一个全面的概述，这将促进未来微生物组靶向治疗的发展。
 
据介绍，肠道微生物组与各种疾病有关，但健康或不健康的微生物组的普遍特征尚未确定，有必要了解遗传学、暴露组、生活方式和饮食如何塑造健康和疾病中的微生物组。
 
附：英文原文
 
Title: Environmental factors shaping the gut microbiome in a Dutch population

Author: Gacesa, R., Kurilshikov, A., Vich Vila, A., Sinha, T., Klaassen, M. A. Y., Bolte, L. A., Andreu-Snchez, S., Chen, L., Collij, V., Hu, S., Dekens, J. A. M., Lenters, V. C., Bjrk, J. R., Swarte, J. C., Swertz, M. A., Jansen, B. H., Gelderloos-Arends, J., Jankipersadsing, S., Hofker, M., Vermeulen, R. C. H., Sanna, S., Harmsen, H. J. M., Wijmenga, C., Fu, J., Zhernakova, A., Weersma, R. K.

Issue&Volume: 2022-04-13

Abstract: The gut microbiome is associated with diverse diseases1,2,3, but a universal signature of a healthy or unhealthy microbiome has not been identified, and there is a need to understand how genetics, exposome, lifestyle and diet shape the microbiome in health and disease. Here we profiled bacterial composition, function, antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in the gut microbiomes of 8,208 Dutch individuals from a three-generational cohort comprising 2,756 families. We correlated these to 241 host and environmental factors, including physical and mental health, use of medication, diet, socioeconomic factors and childhood and current exposome. We identify that the microbiome is shaped primarily by the environment and cohabitation. Only around 6.6% of taxa are heritable, whereas the variance of around 48.6% of taxa is significantly explained by cohabitation. By identifying 2,856 associations between the microbiome and health, we find that seemingly unrelated diseases share a common microbiome signature that is independent of comorbidities. Furthermore, we identify 7,519 associations between microbiome features and diet, socioeconomics and early life and current exposome, with numerous early-life and current factors being significantly associated with microbiome function and composition. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of gut microbiome and the underlying impact of heritability and exposures that will facilitate future development of microbiome-targeted therapies.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04567-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04567-7

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表

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