小柯机器人

中科院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所杨石霞、中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所邓成龙、挪威卑尔根大学Francesco d’Errico及德国马克斯普朗克所Michael Petraglia等研究人员合作发现中国在4万年前的赭石加工证据 。2022年3月2日，国际知名学术期刊《自然》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员报道了中国北部一个保存完好的、距今约40,000年的考古遗址，其中包括东亚地区已知最早的赭石加工特征，一个独特的小型化石器组合，其中有刀状工具，并有斧凿的痕迹，还有一个骨质工具。下马碑的文化组合特征在东亚是独一无二的，与其他考古遗址中发现的由古人类居住的群体或一般与智人扩张有关的群体不一致，如旧石器时代初期。亚洲北部的记录支持在人类交流时期出现的技术革新和文化多样化的过程。

据介绍，智人在大约4万年前就出现在亚洲北部，在经历了早期的人口扩张和混合之后，智人已经取代了整个欧亚大陆的古人种群。最后一批尼安德特人、丹尼索瓦人和进入亚洲的智人种群的文化适应性仍然是未知的。

附：英文原文

Title: Innovative ochre processing and tool use in China 40,000 years ago

Author: Wang, Fa-Gang, Yang, Shi-Xia, Ge, Jun-Yi, Oll, Andreu, Zhao, Ke-Liang, Yue, Jian-Ping, Rosso, Daniela Eugenia, Douka, Katerina, Guan, Ying, Li, Wen-Yan, Yang, Hai-Yong, Liu, Lian-Qiang, Xie, Fei, Guo, Zheng-Tang, Zhu, Ri-Xiang, Deng, Cheng-Long, dErrico, Francesco, Petraglia, Michael

Issue&Volume: 2022-03-02

Abstract: Homo sapiens was present in northern Asia by around 40,000 years ago, having replaced archaic populations across Eurasia after episodes of earlier population expansions and interbreeding1,2,3,4. Cultural adaptations of the last Neanderthals, the Denisovans and the incoming populations of H. sapiens into Asia remain unknown1,5,6,7. Here we describe Xiamabei, a well-preserved, approximately 40,000-year-old archaeological site in northern China, which includes the earliest known ochre-processing feature in east Asia, a distinctive miniaturized lithic assemblage with bladelet-like tools bearing traces of hafting, and a bone tool. The cultural assembly of traits at Xiamabei is unique for Eastern Asia and does not correspond with those found at other archaeological site assemblages inhabited by archaic populations or those generally associated with the expansion of H. sapiens, such as the Initial Upper Palaeolithic8,9,10. The record of northern Asia supports a process of technological innovations and cultural diversification emerging in a period of hominin hybridization and admixture2,3,6,11.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04445-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04445-2

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
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