小柯机器人

人类神经生物学领域映射的数据驱动框架
2021-11-13 15:18

美国斯坦福大学Amit Etkin研究团队开发出了一个用于绘制人类神经生物学领域的数据驱动框架。相关论文于2021年11月11日发表于国际顶尖学术期刊《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

他们使用计算方法为神经生物学领域推导出数据驱动的框架,该框架综合了近 20,000 篇人类神经影像学文章的文本和数据。在域特异性的多个层次上,域内的结构 - 功能链接在保留的文章中比从神经科学和精神病学的主要框架映射的那些能更好地复制。

他们进一步表明,数据驱动的框架将文献划分为模块化子领域,其中领域在单个文章中用作结构 - 功能模式的通用原型。他们在此介绍的计算本体方法是可通过功能磁共振成像 (fMRI)量化的人脑回路的最全面表征,并且可以扩展到合成其他科学文献。

据悉,在过去的 25 年里,功能性神经影像学一直是人类神经科学的支柱。fMRI数据的解释经常发生在专家精心打造的知识框架内,这些框架有可能放大限制研究结果可重复性的偏见。

附:英文原文

Title: A data-driven framework for mapping domains of human neurobiology

Author: Beam, Elizabeth, Potts, Christopher, Poldrack, Russell A., Etkin, Amit

Issue&Volume: 2021-11-11

Abstract: Functional neuroimaging has been a mainstay of human neuroscience for the past 25 years. Interpretation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data has often occurred within knowledge frameworks crafted by experts, which have the potential to amplify biases that limit the replicability of findings. Here, we use a computational approach to derive a data-driven framework for neurobiological domains that synthesizes the texts and data of nearly 20,000 human neuroimaging articles. Across multiple levels of domain specificity, the structure–function links within domains better replicate in held-out articles than those mapped from dominant frameworks in neuroscience and psychiatry. We further show that the data-driven framework partitions the literature into modular subfields, for which domains serve as generalizable prototypes of structure–function patterns in single articles. The approach to computational ontology we present here is the most comprehensive characterization of human brain circuits quantifiable with fMRI and may be extended to synthesize other scientific literatures.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00948-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-021-00948-9

Nature Neuroscience:《自然—神经科学》,创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:28.771
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接:https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex


本期文章:《自然—神经科学》:Online/在线发表

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