几内亚科纳克里大学Alpha Kabinet Keita等研究人员发现，2021年埃博拉病毒在几内亚的重新出现提示了一种新的疫情模式。该研究于2021年9月15日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然》。
据研究人员介绍，在几内亚宣布埃博拉病毒病首次流行七年后，该国面临了一次新的爆发，在2021年2月14日至6月19日期间，出现在前一次流行病的震中附近。
研究人员使用二代测序技术，从12个不同病人身上获得的样本中生成了完整或接近完整的扎伊尔埃博拉病毒基因组。这些基因组与上一次爆发的基因组形成了一个有充分支持的系统发育集群，这表明新的爆发不是来自动物的新溢出事件。与预期的持续人与人传播相比，2021年的谱系显示出更低的分化，这表明持续的感染会出现复制的减少或者有一段潜伏期。在上一次埃博拉病毒病爆发结束5年后，扎伊尔埃博拉病毒从人类身上重新出现，这表明需要加强对幸存患者的长期医疗和社会护理，从而减少重新出现的风险并防止进一步的污名化。
附：英文原文
Title: Resurgence of Ebola virus in 2021 in Guinea suggests a new paradigm for outbreaks
Author: Keita, Alpha Kabinet, Koundouno, Fara R., Faye, Martin, Dx, Ariane, Hinzmann, Julia, Diallo, Haby, Ayouba, Ahidjo, Le Marcis, Frederic, Soropogui, Barr, Ifono, Kkoura, Diagne, Moussa M., Sow, Mamadou S., Bore, Joseph A., Calvignac-Spencer, Sebastien, Vidal, Nicole, Camara, Jacob, Keita, Mamadou B., Renevey, Annick, Diallo, Amadou, Soumah, Abdoul K., Millimono, Saa L., Mari-Saez, Almudena, Diop, Mamadou, Dor, Ahmadou, Soumah, Fod Y., Kourouma, Kaka, Vielle, Nathalie J., Loucoubar, Cheikh, Camara, Ibrahima, Kourouma, Karifa, Annibaldis, Giuditta, Bah, Assatou, Thielebein, Anke, Pahlmann, Meike, Pullan, Steven T., Carroll, Miles W., Quick, Joshua, Formenty, Pierre, Legand, Anais, Pietro, Karla, Wiley, Michael R., Tordo, Noel, Peyrefitte, Christophe, McCrone, John T., Rambaut, Andrew, Sidib, Youssouf, Barry, Mamadou D., Kourouma, Madeleine, Saouromou, C D., Cond, Mamadou, Bald, Moussa, Povogui, Moriba, Keita, Sakoba, Diakite, Mandiou, Bah, Mamadou S., Sidibe, Amadou, Diakite, Dembo, Sako, Fod B., Traore, Fod A., Ki-Zerbo, Georges A., Lemey, Philippe, Gnther, Stephan, Kafetzopoulou, Liana E.
Issue&Volume: 2021-09-15
Abstract: Seven years after the declaration of the first epidemic of Ebola virus disease in Guinea, the country faced a new outbreak—between 14 February and 19 June 2021—near the epicentre of the previous epidemic1,2. Here we use next-generation sequencing to generate complete or near-complete genomes of Zaire ebolavirus from samples obtained from 12 different patients. These genomes form a well-supported phylogenetic cluster with genomes from the previous outbreak, which indicates that the new outbreak was not the result of a new spillover event from an animal reservoir. The 2021 lineage shows considerably lower divergence than would be expected during sustained human-to-human transmission, which suggests a persistent infection with reduced replication or a period of latency. The resurgence of Zaire ebolavirus from humans five years after the end of the previous outbreak of Ebola virus disease reinforces the need for long-term medical and social care for patients who survive the disease, to reduce the risk of re-emergence and to prevent further stigmatization.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03901-9
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03901-9
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
