小柯机器人

研究揭示昆虫对全球森林枯木分解的贡献
2021-09-05 12:36

德国慕尼黑工业大学Sebastian Seibold等研究人员揭示昆虫对全球森林枯木分解的贡献。2021年9月1日出版的《自然》杂志发表了这项成果。

研究人员完成了一个跨越55个森林地点和6个大陆的木材分解的实地实验。研究人员发现,枯木的分解率随着温度的升高而增加,在高降水水平下,温度影响最强。降水在低温下对分解率有负面影响,在高温下有正面影响。作为一种净效应,包括昆虫的直接消耗和通过与微生物的相互作用产生的间接效应,昆虫加速了热带森林的分解(每年3.9%的质量损失中值)。在温带和寒带森林中,研究人员发现微弱的正面和负面影响,每年的质量损失中值分别为0.9%和-0.1%。

此外,研究人员将实验得出的分解函数应用于根据经验和遥感数据合成的全球枯木碳地图,从而得到全球每年从枯木中释放的碳量估计为10.9±3.2拍克,其中93%来自热带森林。在全球范围内,昆虫的净效应可能占枯木碳流量的29%,这表明了昆虫在枯木分解和碳循环中的功能重要性。

据介绍,枯木中储存的碳量相当于全球森林碳储量的约8%。枯木的分解在很大程度上受气候的制约,分解者群体(如微生物和昆虫)对分解率的变化做出了贡献。在全球范围内,昆虫对枯木分解和碳释放的贡献仍然知之甚少。

附:英文原文

Title: The contribution of insects to global forest deadwood decomposition

Author: Seibold, Sebastian, Rammer, Werner, Hothorn, Torsten, Seidl, Rupert, Ulyshen, Michael D., Lorz, Janina, Cadotte, Marc W., Lindenmayer, David B., Adhikari, Yagya P., Aragn, Roxana, Bae, Soyeon, Baldrian, Petr, Barimani Varandi, Hassan, Barlow, Jos, Bssler, Claus, Beauchne, Jacques, Berenguer, Erika, Bergamin, Rodrigo S., Birkemoe, Tone, Boros, Gergely, Brandl, Roland, Brustel, Herv, Burton, Philip J., Cakpo-Tossou, Yvonne T., Castro, Jorge, Cateau, Eugnie, Cobb, Tyler P., Farwig, Nina, Fernndez, Romina D., Firn, Jennifer, Gan, Kee Seng, Gonzlez, Grizelle, Gossner, Martin M., Habel, Jan C., Hbert, Christian, Heibl, Christoph, Heikkala, Osmo, Hemp, Andreas, Hemp, Claudia, Hjltn, Joakim, Hotes, Stefan, Kouki, Jari, Lachat, Thibault, Liu, Jie, Liu, Yu, Luo, Ya-Huang, Macandog, Damasa M., Martina, Pablo E., Mukul, Sharif A., Nachin, Baatarbileg, Nisbet, Kurtis, OHalloran, John, Oxbrough, Anne, Pandey, Jeev Nath, Pavlek, Tom, Pawson, Stephen M., Rakotondranary, Jacques S., Ramanamanjato, Jean-Baptiste, Rossi, Liana, Schmidl, Jrgen, Schulze, Mark, Seaton, Stephen, Stone, Marisa J., Stork, Nigel E., Suran, Byambagerel, Sverdrup-Thygeson, Anne, Thorn, Simon, Thyagarajan, Ganesh

Issue&Volume: 2021-09-01

Abstract: The amount of carbon stored in deadwood is equivalent to about 8per cent of the global forest carbon stocks1. The decomposition of deadwood is largely governed by climate2,3,4,5 with decomposer groups—such as microorganisms and insects—contributing to variations in the decomposition rates2,6,7. At the global scale, the contribution of insects to the decomposition of deadwood and carbon release remains poorly understood7. Here we present a field experiment of wood decomposition across 55 forest sites and 6 continents. We find that the deadwood decomposition rates increase with temperature, and the strongest temperature effect is found at high precipitation levels. Precipitation affects the decomposition rates negatively at low temperatures and positively at high temperatures. As a net effect—including the direct consumption by insects and indirect effects through interactions with microorganisms—insects accelerate the decomposition in tropical forests (3.9% median mass loss per year). In temperate and boreal forests, we find weak positive and negative effects with a median mass loss of 0.9per cent and 0.1per cent per year, respectively. Furthermore, we apply the experimentally derived decomposition function to a global map of deadwood carbon synthesized from empirical and remote-sensing data, obtaining an estimate of 10.9±3.2petagram of carbon per year released from deadwood globally, with 93per cent originating from tropical forests. Globally, the net effect of insects may account for 29per cent of the carbon flux from deadwood, which suggests a functional importance of insects in the decomposition of deadwood and the carbon cycle.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03740-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03740-8

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

分享到:

0