小柯机器人

美国洛克菲勒大学Michael W. Young、Wanhe Li等研究人员合作发现，慢性社会隔离在果蝇中导致饥饿并减少睡眠。2021年8月18日，《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员发现，长期而非急性的社会隔离会减少果蝇的睡眠。研究人员使用定量行为分析和转录组分析来区分与急性和慢性社会隔离有关的大脑状态。尽管果蝇可以不间断地获得食物，但慢性社会隔离改变了代谢基因的表达，并诱发了一种预示饥饿的大脑状态。长期被隔离的动物表现出睡眠不足，并伴随着食物的过度消耗，这与人类中与孤独感相关的过度吞食的传闻产生了共鸣。长期的社会隔离会减少睡眠，并通过果蝇肽能神经元的活动促进进食。这些神经元的人工激活导致急性社会隔离被误认为是慢性社会隔离，从而导致睡眠减少和进食增加。

这些结果提出了慢性社会隔离、新陈代谢和睡眠之间的机理联系，解决了长期以来的孤独动物模型。

据介绍，社会隔离和孤独感对公共健康有强烈的影响。社会心理学的研究表明，睡眠质量下降是将持续的孤独感与不良健康状况联系起来的一个关键因素。尽管实验操作已被广泛用于研究动物模型中睡眠和觉醒的控制，但正常的睡眠是如何被社会隔离所扰乱的还不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Chronic social isolation signals starvation and reduces sleep in Drosophila

Author: Li, Wanhe, Wang, Zikun, Syed, Sheyum, Lyu, Cheng, Lincoln, Samantha, ONeil, Jenna, Nguyen, Andrew D., Feng, Irena, Young, Michael W.

Issue&Volume: 2021-08-18

Abstract: Social isolation and loneliness have potent effects on public health1,2,3,4. Research in social psychology suggests that compromised sleep quality is a key factor that links persistent loneliness to adverse health conditions5,6. Although experimental manipulations have been widely applied to studying the control of sleep and wakefulness in animal models, how normal sleep is perturbed by social isolation is unknown. Here we report that chronic, but not acute, social isolation reduces sleep in Drosophila. We use quantitative behavioural analysis and transcriptome profiling to differentiate between brain states associated with acute and chronic social isolation. Although the flies had uninterrupted access to food, chronic social isolation altered the expression of metabolic genes and induced a brain state that signals starvation. Chronically isolated animals exhibit sleep loss accompanied by overconsumption of food, which resonates with anecdotal findings of loneliness-associated hyperphagia in humans. Chronic social isolation reduces sleep and promotes feeding through neural activities in the peptidergic fan-shaped body columnar neurons of the fly. Artificial activation of these neurons causes misperception of acute social isolation as chronic social isolation and thereby results in sleep loss and increased feeding. These results present a mechanistic link between chronic social isolation, metabolism, and sleep, addressing a long-standing call for animal models focused on loneliness7.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03837-0

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03837-0

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
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