小柯机器人

英国伦敦皇家霍洛威大学Harry Siviter等研究人员发现，农用化学品能够协同作用来增加蜜蜂的死亡率。相关论文于2021年8月4日在线发表于国际学术期刊《自然》。

研究人员表示，全球对授粉者减少的关注导致了对单独对蜜蜂群体有害人为压力源的发现。这些压力源之间的协同作用可以大大放大这些压力源的环境效应，因此对旨在改善授粉者健康的政策决定有重要影响。

为了定量评估这种威胁的规模，研究人员对来自90项研究的356个互作效应大小进行了元分析，在这些研究中，蜜蜂被暴露在农用化学品、营养压力源和/或寄生虫的组合中。研究人员发现多种压力源对蜜蜂的死亡有整体的协同效应。对蜜蜂死亡率的分组分析显示，当蜜蜂在田间实际水平上暴露于多种农用化学品时，有强烈的协同作用证据，但当蜜蜂暴露于寄生虫和/或营养压力源时，相互作用并不大于相加预期。所有对体质、行为、寄生虫数量和免疫反应的相互作用要么是相加的，要么是拮抗的；因此，驱动蜜蜂死亡协同作用的潜在机制仍不清楚。

认为农用化学品暴露风险存在相加效应的环境风险评估方案可能会低估人为压力源对蜜蜂死亡的互作效应，并将无法保护提供关键生态系统服务的授粉者，而这种服务是可持续农业的基础。

附：英文原文

Title: Agrochemicals interact synergistically to increase bee mortality

Author: Siviter, Harry, Bailes, Emily J., Martin, Callum D., Oliver, Thomas R., Koricheva, Julia, Leadbeater, Ellouise, Brown, Mark J. F.

Issue&Volume: 2021-08-04

Abstract: Global concern over widely documented declines in pollinators1,2,3 has led to the identification of anthropogenic stressors that, individually, are detrimental to bee populations4,5,6,7. Synergistic interactions between these stressors could substantially amplify the environmental effect of these stressors and could therefore have important implications for policy decisions that aim to improve the health of pollinators3,8,9. Here, to quantitatively assess the scale of this threat, we conducted a meta-analysis of 356 interaction effect sizes from 90 studies in which bees were exposed to combinations of agrochemicals, nutritional stressors and/or parasites. We found an overall synergistic effect between multiple stressors on bee mortality. Subgroup analysis of bee mortality revealed strong evidence for synergy when bees were exposed to multiple agrochemicals at field-realistic levels, but interactions were not greater than additive expectations when bees were exposed to parasites and/or nutritional stressors. All interactive effects on proxies of fitness, behaviour, parasite load and immune responses were either additive or antagonistic; therefore, the potential mechanisms that drive the observed synergistic interactions for bee mortality remain unclear. Environmental risk assessment schemes that assume additive effects of the risk of agrochemical exposure may underestimate the interactive effect of anthropogenic stressors on bee mortality and will fail to protect the pollinators that provide a key ecosystem service that underpins sustainable agriculture.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03787-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03787-7

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html