小柯机器人

德国格廷根大学Nils Stein课题组取得一项新突破。他们的研究通过染色体水平的基因组装配揭示了黑麦（Secale graine L.）生物学、以及其在进化和农艺中的潜能。 2021年3月18日，国际学术期刊《自然-遗传学》发表了这一成果。

为了进一步提高黑麦的农艺潜力，研究人员阐明了黑麦7.9千兆碱基基因组的染色体水平注释组件，并通过使用一套分子遗传资源广泛地验证了其质量。研究人员通过广泛的研究来演示该资源的使用。

研究人员揭示了与野生亲缘物种分离黑麦的不完全遗传分离、基因组结构进化的机制、病原体抗性、低温耐受性、杂交育种的生育控制系统以及黑麦-小麦渗入收益方面的发现。

据悉，黑麦是一种具有极强气候适应力的谷物，广泛用于渐渗杂交以改良小麦品种，其具有实现杂交育种所需的全部基因。黑麦是同种异体，近些年才被驯化使黑麦能够用于多样化且可利用的野生基因库。 

附：英文原文

Title: Chromosome-scale genome assembly provides insights into rye biology, evolution and agronomic potential

Author: M. Timothy Rabanus-Wallace, Bernd Hackauf, Martin Mascher, Thomas Lux, Thomas Wicker, Heidrun Gundlach, Mariana Baez, Andreas Houben, Klaus F. X. Mayer, Liangliang Guo, Jesse Poland, Curtis J. Pozniak, Sean Walkowiak, Joanna Melonek, Coraline R. Praz, Mona Schreiber, Hikmet Budak, Matthias Heuberger, Burkhard Steuernagel, Brande Wulff, Andreas Brner, Brook Byrns, Jana kov, D. Brian Fowler, Allan Fritz, Axel Himmelbach, Gemy Kaithakottil, Jens Keilwagen, Beat Keller, David Konkin, Jamie Larsen, Qiang Li, Beata Mykw, Sudharsan Padmarasu, Nidhi Rawat, Uur Sesiz, Sezgi Biyiklioglu-Kaya, Andy Sharpe, Hana imkov, Ian Small, David Swarbreck, Helena Toegelov, Natalia Tsvetkova, Anatoly V. Voylokov, Jan Vrna, Eva Bauer, Hanna Bolibok-Bragoszewska, Jaroslav Doleel, Anthony Hall, Jizeng Jia, Viktor Korzun, Andr Laroche, Xue-Feng Ma, Frank Ordon, Hakan zkan, Monika Rakoczy-Trojanowska, Uwe Scholz, Alan H. Schulman, Drthe Siekmann, Stefan Stojaowski, Vijay K. Tiwari, Manuel Spannagl, Nils Stein

Issue&Volume: 2021-03-18

Abstract: Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an exceptionally climate-resilient cereal crop, used extensively to produce improved wheat varieties via introgressive hybridization and possessing the entire repertoire of genes necessary to enable hybrid breeding. Rye is allogamous and only recently domesticated, thus giving cultivated ryes access to a diverse and exploitable wild gene pool. To further enhance the agronomic potential of rye, we produced a chromosome-scale annotated assembly of the 7.9-gigabase rye genome and extensively validated its quality by using a suite of molecular genetic resources. We demonstrate applications of this resource with a broad range of investigations. We present findings on cultivated rye’s incomplete genetic isolation from wild relatives, mechanisms of genome structural evolution, pathogen resistance, low-temperature tolerance, fertility control systems for hybrid breeding and the yield benefits of rye–wheat introgressions.

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00807-0

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-021-00807-0

Nature Genetics：《自然—遗传学》，创刊于1992年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：41.307
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投稿链接：https://mts-ng.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex