在本研究中，研究人员发现中枢神经系统发育过程中少突胶质细胞前体细胞特化需要神经和血管区室之间的双向串扰。从机制上讲，研究人员发现神经祖细胞（NPC）表达血管生成素1（Ang1），并且该表达受Sonic hedgehog蛋白的调节。
研究证明，NPC衍生的Ang1信号与其内皮细胞受体Tie2相互作用诱导转化生长因子β1（TGFβ1）的产生。内皮来源的TGFβ1则作为血管分泌因子并传回NPC，以诱导其对少突胶质前体细胞的作用。这项工作证明了NPC和脉管系统之间真实存在的双向协作是少突胶质生成的关键调节因子。
据了解，神经源信号是中枢神经系统血管形成的关键调节因子。然而，尚不清楚脉管系统是通过延长和分支来响应这些信号，还是通过建立反馈响应来调节神经发育过程。
附：英文原文
Title: Oligodendrocyte precursor cell specification is regulated by bidirectional neural progenitor–endothelial cell crosstalk
Author: Isidora Paredes, Jos Ricardo Vieira, Bhavin Shah, Carla F. Ramunno, Julia Dyckow, Heike Adler, Melanie Richter, Geza Schermann, Evangelia Giannakouri, Lucas Schirmer, Hellmut G. Augustin, Carmen Ruiz de Almodvar
Issue&Volume: 2021-01-28
Abstract: Neural-derived signals are crucial regulators of CNS vascularization. However, whether the vasculature responds to these signals by means of elongating and branching or in addition by building a feedback response to modulate neurodevelopmental processes remains unknown. In this study, we identified bidirectional crosstalk between the neural and the vascular compartment of the developing CNS required for oligodendrocyte precursor cell specification. Mechanistically, we show that neural progenitor cells (NPCs) express angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and that this expression is regulated by Sonic hedgehog. We demonstrate that NPC-derived Ang1 signals to its receptor, Tie2, on endothelial cells to induce the production of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1). Endothelial-derived TGFβ1, in turn, acts as an angiocrine molecule and signals back to NPCs to induce their commitment toward oligodendrocyte precursor cells. This work demonstrates a true bidirectional collaboration between NPCs and the vasculature as a critical regulator of oligodendrogenesis.
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-00788-z
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-020-00788-z
Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex
本期文章：《自然—神经科学》：Online/在线发表
