近日，英国伦敦大学学院Andrew J. Peters等研究人员发现，纹状体活动在位置上反映出皮质活动。该研究于2021年1月20日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然》。
研究人员发现，皮质和纹状体中活动之间的关系是时空精确、位置关联、具有因果且行为恒定的。研究人员同时记录了执行视觉引导任务的小鼠大脑皮层大区域和背侧纹状体宽度的活动。纹状体活动遵循中外侧梯度，其中行为相关性从视觉提示发展到反应运动再到reward licking。无论任务参与如何，纹状体各部分中的总活动紧密且具体地反映了与位置相关皮质区域中的活动。这种关系适用于中等棘神经元和快速放电的中间神经元，而声活动神经元的活动与皮质活动不同，并对感觉或奖励事件有定型反应。
视觉皮质的失活消除了纹状体对视觉刺激的反应，从而支持了皮质输入在驱动纹状体中的因果作用。受训练小鼠的纹状体视觉反应比未经受训练的小鼠更大，但在视觉皮层的整体活动没有相应的变化。因此，纹状体活动反映了皮层活动的一致、因果关系和可扩展的位置图谱。
据介绍，皮层投射到背侧纹状体来调节行为，但先前已报道这两个结构中的脉冲活动与感觉运动事件有显著不同的关系。
附：英文原文
Title: Striatal activity topographically reflects cortical activity
Author: Andrew J. Peters, Julie M. J. Fabre, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Kenneth D. Harris, Matteo Carandini
Issue&Volume: 2021-01-20
Abstract: The cortex projects to the dorsal striatum topographically1,2 to regulate behaviour3–5, but spiking activity in the two structures has previously been reported to have markedly different relations to sensorimotor events6–9. Here we show that the relationship between activity in the cortex and striatum is spatiotemporally precise, topographic, causal and invariant to behaviour. We simultaneously recorded activity across large regions of the cortex and across the width of the dorsal striatum in mice that performed a visually guided task. Striatal activity followed a mediolateral gradient in which behavioural correlates progressed from visual cue to response movement to reward licking. The summed activity in each part of the striatum closely and specifically mirrored activity in topographically associated cortical regions, regardless of task engagement. This relationship held for medium spiny neurons and fast-spiking interneurons, whereas the activity of tonically active neurons differed from cortical activity with stereotypical responses to sensory or reward events. Inactivation of the visual cortex abolished striatal responses to visual stimuli, supporting a causal role of cortical inputs in driving the striatum. Striatal visual responses were larger in trained mice than untrained mice, with no corresponding change in overall activity in the visual cortex. Striatal activity therefore reflects a consistent, causal and scalable topographical mapping of cortical activity. Simultaneous mapping of activity across the cortex and dorsal striatum in mice shows that activity in each part of the striatum precisely mirrors that in topographically associated cortical regions, consistently across behavioural contexts.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03166-8
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03166-8
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
