意大利特伦托大学Nicola Segata和英国伦敦国王学院营养科学系Sarah E. Berry课题组合作取得最新进展。他们探究了1098名深表型个体的微生物组与宿主代谢和惯常饮食的联系。相关论文于2021年1月11日发表于《自然-医学》。
他们对参与饮食组成个性化试验（PREDICT 1）的1098个人的1203个肠道微生物组进行了深度宏基因组测序，该研究提供了详细的长期饮食信息，以及可及的数百次空腹和餐后心脏代谢性血液标记物的测量。他们发现微生物与特定营养素、食物、食物种类和一般饮食指标之间存在许多重要关联，这尤其是由健康和植物性食物的存在和多样性所驱动。肥胖的微生物生物标志物可在外部公众可获得的人群中重现，并且与循环血液代谢产物一致，后者是心血管疾病风险的指标。
虽然某些微生物，例如普雷沃特氏菌和Blastocystis spp.，是餐后葡萄糖代谢良好的指标，但总体微生物组组成可预测大量的心脏代谢血液标志物，包括禁食和餐后血糖、血脂和炎症指标。与健康饮食习惯相关的肠道菌群与良好的心脏代谢和餐后标志物相关的肠道菌群重叠，表明体内的大量资源可以将肠道微生物组分层为无临床症状的个体普遍健康水平。
研究人员表示，肠道微生物组受饮食影响，会影响宿主的新陈代谢。但是，这些链接很复杂，并且每个人都是特异的。
附：英文原文
Title: Microbiome connections with host metabolism and habitual diet from 1,098 deeply phenotyped individuals
Author: Francesco Asnicar, Sarah E. Berry, Ana M. Valdes, Long H. Nguyen, Gianmarco Piccinno, David A. Drew, Emily Leeming, Rachel Gibson, Caroline Le Roy, Haya Al Khatib, Lucy Francis, Mohsen Mazidi, Olatz Mompeo, Mireia Valles-Colomer, Adrian Tett, Francesco Beghini, Lonard Dubois, Davide Bazzani, Andrew Maltez Thomas, Chloe Mirzayi, Asya Khleborodova, Sehyun Oh, Rachel Hine, Christopher Bonnett, Joan Capdevila, Serge Danzanvilliers, Francesca Giordano, Ludwig Geistlinger, Levi Waldron, Richard Davies, George Hadjigeorgiou, Jonathan Wolf, Jos M. Ordovs, Christopher Gardner, Paul W. Franks, Andrew T. Chan, Curtis Huttenhower, Tim D. Spector, Nicola Segata
Issue&Volume: 2021-01-11
Abstract: The gut microbiome is shaped by diet and influences host metabolism; however, these links are complex and can be unique to each individual. We performed deep metagenomic sequencing of 1,203 gut microbiomes from 1,098 individuals enrolled in the Personalised Responses to Dietary Composition Trial (PREDICT 1) study, whose detailed long-term diet information, as well as hundreds of fasting and same-meal postprandial cardiometabolic blood marker measurements were available. We found many significant associations between microbes and specific nutrients, foods, food groups and general dietary indices, which were driven especially by the presence and diversity of healthy and plant-based foods. Microbial biomarkers of obesity were reproducible across external publicly available cohorts and in agreement with circulating blood metabolites that are indicators of cardiovascular disease risk. While some microbes, such as Prevotella copri and Blastocystis spp., were indicators of favorable postprandial glucose metabolism, overall microbiome composition was predictive for a large panel of cardiometabolic blood markers including fasting and postprandial glycemic, lipemic and inflammatory indices. The panel of intestinal species associated with healthy dietary habits overlapped with those associated with favorable cardiometabolic and postprandial markers, indicating that our large-scale resource can potentially stratify the gut microbiome into generalizable health levels in individuals without clinically manifest disease. Analyses from the gut microbiome of over 1,000 individuals from the PREDICT 1 study, for which detailed long-term diet information as well as hundreds of fasting and same-meal postprandial cardiometabolic blood marker measurements are available, unveil new associations between specific gut microbes, dietary habits and cardiometabolic health.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-01183-8
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-01183-8
Nature Medicine：《自然—医学》，创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：87.241
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/nm/
投稿链接：https://mts-nmed.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex
本期文章：《自然—医学》：Online/在线发表
