小柯机器人

澳大利亚CSIRO农业与食品研究所Michael Ayliffe团队发现，新型转基因盒能够赋予小麦对真菌锈病的广谱抗性。相关论文于2021年1月4日在线发表在《自然—生物技术》杂志上。

通过将五个抗性基因的转基因盒作为单一基因座引入面包小麦中，研究人员产生了对病原体Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt)具有多基因抗性的品种，并发现五个基因中的至少四个具有功能。这些小麦品系对来自世界各地的侵略性和高毒力Pgt分离株具有抗性，并且在田间表现出很高的抗性水平。该多基因位点的简单单基因遗传极大地简化了其在育种中的使用。然而，一个新的Pgt分离株（对在这个基因座上的几个基因有毒力）表明，基因累积需要进行策略部署来保持其有效性。

据悉，由于病原体毒力的快速进化，选育对真菌病原菌(Pgt（对谷物生产的重大威胁）具有持久抗性的小麦具有很大难度。通过引入多个抗性基因可以提高耐久性和广谱抗性，但是通过育种组合许多未连锁的基因是费力的。

附：英文原文

Title: A five-transgene cassette confers broad-spectrum resistance to a fungal rust pathogen in wheat

Author: Ming Luo, Liqiong Xie, Soma Chakraborty, Aihua Wang, Oadi Matny, Michelle Jugovich, James A. Kolmer, Terese Richardson, Dhara Bhatt, Mohammad Hoque, Mehran Patpour, Chris Srensen, Diana Ortiz, Peter Dodds, Burkhard Steuernagel, Brande B. H. Wulff, Narayana M. Upadhyaya, Rohit Mago, Sambasivam Periyannan, Evans Lagudah, Roger Freedman, T. Lynne Reuber, Brian J. Steffenson, Michael Ayliffe

Issue&Volume: 2021-01-04

Abstract: Breeding wheat with durable resistance to the fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), a major threat to cereal production, is challenging due to the rapid evolution of pathogen virulence. Increased durability and broad-spectrum resistance can be achieved by introducing more than one resistance gene, but combining numerous unlinked genes by breeding is laborious. Here we generate polygenic Pgt resistance by introducing a transgene cassette of five resistance genes into bread wheat as a single locus and show that at least four of the five genes are functional. These wheat lines are resistant to aggressive and highly virulent Pgt isolates from around the world and show very high levels of resistance in the field. The simple monogenic inheritance of this multigene locus greatly simplifies its use in breeding. However, a new Pgt isolate with virulence to several genes at this locus suggests gene stacks will need strategic deployment to maintain their effectiveness. Combining fungal-resistance genes into a single cassette enables the generation of highly resistant wheat lines.

DOI: 10.1038/s41587-020-00770-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-020-00770-x

Nature Biotechnology：《自然—生物技术》，创刊于1996年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：68.164
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/nbt/
投稿链接：https://mts-nbt.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex