研究人员表示，自1974年以来，全球一直在推荐使用安全、高效的麻疹疫苗，但在2017年，五岁以下儿童中有超过1,700万例麻疹病例和83,400例死亡，其中99％以上的病例都发生在中低等收入国家（LMIC）。对于常规的首剂含麻疹疫苗（MCV1）覆盖率而言，全球性、年度以及本地的估计对于了解地理精确的免疫模式，实现全球疫苗行动计划（GVAP）目标以及在COVID-19高风险地区的疫苗配送至关重要。
研究人员对101个中低收入国家从2000年至2019年的5×5 km2像素和第二行政级别的常规儿童MCV1覆盖率进行了年度估算，量化了地理不平等并通过地理偏远性评估了疫苗接种状况。在从2000年到2010年获得MCV1广泛普及之后，2010年至2019年之间，一半以上的地区覆盖率下降，这促使许多中低收入国家的GVAP目标是到2019年所有地区的覆盖率达到80％。农村地区的MCV1覆盖率低于城市地区，尽管总体上有较大比例未接种疫苗的儿童生活在城市地区；提供基本疫苗接种服务的策略应针对这两种地理环境。这些结果为决策者提供了加强常规MCV1免疫计划并为所有儿童提供公平疾病保护的工具。
附：英文原文
Title: Mapping routine measles vaccination in low- and middle-income countries
Author: anonymous
Issue&Volume: 2020-12-16
Abstract: The safe, highly effective measles vaccine has been recommended globally since 1974, yet in 2017 there were more than 17 million cases of measles and 83,400 deaths in children under 5 years old, and more than 99% of both occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)1,2,3,4. Globally comparable, annual, local estimates of routine first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) coverage are critical for understanding geographically precise immunity patterns, progress towards the targets of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), and high-risk areas amid disruptions to vaccination programmes caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)5,6,7,8. Here we generated annual estimates of routine childhood MCV1 coverage at 5 × 5-km2 pixel and second administrative levels from 2000 to 2019 in 101 LMICs, quantified geographical inequality and assessed vaccination status by geographical remoteness. After widespread MCV1 gains from 2000 to 2010, coverage regressed in more than half of the districts between 2010 and 2019, leaving many LMICs far from the GVAP goal of 80% coverage in all districts by 2019. MCV1 coverage was lower in rural than in urban locations, although a larger proportion of unvaccinated children overall lived in urban locations; strategies to provide essential vaccination services should address both geographical contexts. These results provide a tool for decision-makers to strengthen routine MCV1 immunization programmes and provide equitable disease protection for all children.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03043-4
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03043-4
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
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