小柯机器人

德国慕尼黑大学Markus J. Ege研究团队发现，微生物组影响儿童哮喘相关的保护性农场效应。相关论文于2020年11月2日在线发表在《自然—医学》杂志上。

在《防止过敏：农村环境研究》（PASTURE）出生队列中，研究人员使用人类肠道微生物组的16S rRNA序列数据模拟了2至12个月大婴儿的成熟过程。12个月年龄婴儿中预计的微生物组年龄（EMA）与以前的农场暴露水平（β=0.27（0.12-0.43），P=0.001，n=618）和学龄期哮喘风险降低相关（优势比（OR）= 0.72（0.56-0.93），P=0.011）。

EMA介导了19％的保护性农场效应。在例对照样本中（n=138），研究人员发现哮喘与粪便丁酸水平（OR=0.28（0.09-0.91），P=0.034）、细菌类群（可预测丁酸生成，OR = 0.38（0.17–0.84），P = 0.017）以及丁酰辅酶A（CoA）：乙酸盐-CoA转移酶编码基因的相对丰度（丁酸代谢中的主要酶，OR = 0.43（0.19–0.97），P = 0.042）呈负相关。肠道微生物组可能通过代谢产物来保护哮喘，从而支持了人类中肠-肺信号轴的概念。

据了解，在农场长大与哮喘保护作用有关，但造成这种作用的机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Maturation of the gut microbiome during the first year of life contributes to the protective farm effect on childhood asthma

Author: Martin Depner, Diana Hazard Taft, Pirkka V. Kirjavainen, Karen M. Kalanetra, Anne M. Karvonen, Stefanie Peschel, Elisabeth Schmausser-Hechfellner, Caroline Roduit, Remo Frei, Roger Lauener, Amandine Divaret-Chauveau, Jean-Charles Dalphin, Josef Riedler, Marjut Roponen, Michael Kabesch, Harald Renz, Juha Pekkanen, Freda M. Farquharson, Petra Louis, David A. Mills, Erika von Mutius, Markus J. Ege

Issue&Volume: 2020-11-02

Abstract: Growing up on a farm is associated with an asthma-protective effect, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are largely unknown. In the Protection against Allergy: Study in Rural Environments (PASTURE) birth cohort, we modeled maturation using 16S rRNA sequence data of the human gut microbiome in infants from 2 to 12 months of age. The estimated microbiome age (EMA) in 12-month-old infants was associated with previous farm exposure (β=0.27 (0.12–0.43), P=0.001, n=618) and reduced risk of asthma at school age (odds ratio (OR)=0.72 (0.56–0.93), P=0.011). EMA mediated the protective farm effect by 19%. In a nested case–control sample (n=138), we found inverse associations of asthma with the measured level of fecal butyrate (OR=0.28 (0.09–0.91), P=0.034), bacterial taxa that predict butyrate production (OR=0.38 (0.17–0.84), P=0.017) and the relative abundance of the gene encoding butyryl–coenzyme A (CoA):acetate–CoA-transferase, a major enzyme in butyrate metabolism (OR=0.43 (0.19–0.97), P=0.042). The gut microbiome may contribute to asthma protection through metabolites, supporting the concept of a gut–lung axis in humans.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-1095-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1095-x

Nature Medicine：《自然—医学》，创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：87.241
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