美国华盛顿大学Curtis Deutsch及其研究组发现代谢性状多样性塑造海洋生物地理学。相关论文于2020年9月16日在线发表于国际学术期刊《自然》杂志。
研究人员评估了物种的地理边界范围是否与海洋动物生物多样性有氧能量获取的生态生理极限一致。研究人员观察到新陈代谢速率与氧气供应效率之间以及这些特性的温度敏感性之间存在紧密的相关性，这表明海洋动物处于对低氧耐受的强烈选择之下。由此产生的海洋动物生理耐受性的广度可预测各种地理生态位-从热带到高纬度、从浅水到深水-这比仅基于温度或氧气的模型能更好地与物种分布保持一致。
对于所有研究的物种，由于生态活动的旺盛需求，热和低氧的极限值大大降低，这种特征在海洋和陆生类群中变化相似。因此，激活温度依赖性缺氧将各种海洋物种的生物地理环境与整个动物界共享的基本能量需求联系在一起。
据悉，气候和生理学影响生物地理学，但物种范围的限制很少归因于物种的数量特征。
附：英文原文
Title: Metabolic trait diversity shapes marine biogeography
Author: Curtis Deutsch, Justin L. Penn, Brad Seibel
Issue&Volume: 2020-09-16
Abstract: Climate and physiology shape biogeography, yet the range limits of species can rarely be ascribed to the quantitative traits of organisms1,2,3. Here we evaluate whether the geographical range boundaries of species coincide with ecophysiological limits to acquisition of aerobic energy4 for a global cross-section of the biodiversity of marine animals. We observe a tight correlation between the metabolic rate and the efficacy of oxygen supply, and between the temperature sensitivities of these traits, which suggests that marine animals are under strong selection for the tolerance of low O2 (hypoxia)5. The breadth of the resulting physiological tolerances of marine animals predicts a variety of geographical niches—from the tropics to high latitudes and from shallow to deep water—which better align with species distributions than do models based on either temperature or oxygen alone. For all studied species, thermal and hypoxic limits are substantially reduced by the energetic demands of ecological activity, a trait that varies similarly among marine and terrestrial taxa. Active temperature-dependent hypoxia thus links the biogeography of diverse marine species to fundamental energetic requirements that are shared across the animal kingdom.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2721-y
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2721-y
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
