小柯机器人

美国斯坦福大学医学院Michael Snyder研究团队绘制出人类基因组中黏连蛋白介导的染色体环图谱。相关论文于2020年7月29日发表于《自然》。

研究人员表示，远端调节元件之间的物理相互作用在调节基因表达中起着关键作用，但是这些相互作用在细胞类型之间变化的程度以及对细胞类型特异性基因表达的贡献尚不清楚。

为了解决这些问题，作为DNA元素百科全书（ENCODE）的第三阶段的一部分，研究人员通过使用配对末端标记测序染色质相互作用分析（ChIA-PET），绘制了黏连蛋白介导的染色质环，并分析了24种不同人类细胞类型的基因表达，包括核心ENCODE细胞系。所有细胞的染色质环中有28％因细胞类型而异；这些变化与基因表达的变化适度相关，并有效地根据细胞来源组织对细胞类型进行分组。

基因的连通性对应于不同的功能类别，其中管家基因几乎没有接触，而剂量敏感性基因则与增强子元件更多地连接。染色质环图谱补充了包括ENCODE百科全书在内的各种调控结构图谱，并将有助于促进新兴的基因组结构和功能分析。

附：英文原文

Title: Landscape of cohesin-mediated chromatin loops in the human genome

Author: Fabian Grubert, Rohith Srivas, DamekV Spacek, Maya Kasowski, Mariana Ruiz-Velasco, Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong, Peyton Greenside, Anil Narasimha, Qing Liu, Benjamin Geller, Akshay Sanghi, Michael Kulik, Silin Sa, Marlene Rabinovitch, Anshul Kundaje, Stephen Dalton, Judith B. Zaugg, Michael Snyder

Issue&Volume: 2020-07-29

Abstract: Physical interactions between distal regulatory elements have a key role in regulating gene expression, but the extent to which these interactions vary between cell types and contribute to cell-type-specific gene expression remains unclear. Here, to address these questions as part of phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE), we mapped cohesin-mediated chromatin loops, using chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET), and analysed gene expression in 24 diverse human cell types, including core ENCODE cell lines. Twenty-eight per cent of all chromatin loops vary across cell types; these variations modestly correlate with changes in gene expression and are effective at grouping cell types according to their tissue of origin. The connectivity of genes corresponds to different functional classes, with housekeeping genes having few contacts, and dosage-sensitive genes being more connected to enhancer elements. This atlas of chromatin loops complements the diverse maps of regulatory architecture that comprise the ENCODE Encyclopedia, and will help to support emerging analyses of genome structure and function.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2151-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2151-x

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
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