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结构细胞是器官特异性免疫反应的关键调节因子
2020-07-04 17:25
来源：小柯机器人

奥地利科学院Christoph Bock研究组的最新工作表明，结构细胞是器官特异性免疫反应的关键调节因子。相关论文于2020年7月1日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。

为了增进对造血系统以外的免疫学的了解，研究人员系统地研究了三种主要结构细胞类型：上皮、内皮和成纤维细胞中免疫基因的调控。研究人员使用细胞表型、转录组测序、染色质可及性分析和表观基因组测序来表征小鼠十二个器官中的这些细胞类型。这个全面的数据集揭示了结构细胞中复杂的免疫基因活性和调控。观察到的模式是高度器官特异性的，并且似乎调节结构细胞和造血免疫细胞之间的广泛相互作用。
 
此外，研究人员确定了组织稳态下结构细胞中表观遗传编码的免疫潜能，其在响应全身性病毒感染时触发。这项研究强调了非造血结构细胞中免疫基因活性的普遍性和器官特异性复杂度，它提供了调控小鼠结构细胞的表观遗传和转录网络的高分辨率多组学图谱。
 
据了解，哺乳动物的免疫系统具有一套非常高效的抵抗病原体机制。其主要组成是造血免疫细胞，包括控制先天免疫的髓样细胞和构成适应性免疫的淋巴样细胞。然而，免疫功能并非造血细胞所独有，许多其他细胞类型也显示出病原体防御的基本机制。
 
附：英文原文

Title: Structural cells are key regulators of organ-specific immune responses

Author: Thomas Krausgruber, Nikolaus Fortelny, Victoria Fife-Gernedl, Martin Senekowitsch, Linda C. Schuster, Alexander Lercher, Amelie Nemc, Christian Schmidl, Andr F. Rendeiro, Andreas Bergthaler, Christoph Bock

Issue&Volume: 2020-07-01

Abstract: The mammalian immune system implements a remarkably effective set of mechanisms for fighting pathogens1. Its main components are haematopoietic immune cells, including myeloid cells that control innate immunity, and lymphoid cells that constitute adaptive immunity2. However, immune functions are not unique to haematopoietic cells, and many other cell types display basic mechanisms of pathogen defence3,4,5. To advance our understanding of immunology outside the haematopoietic system, here we systematically investigate the regulation of immune genes in the three major types of structural cells: epithelium, endothelium and fibroblasts. We characterize these cell types across twelve organs in mice, using cellular phenotyping, transcriptome sequencing, chromatin accessibility profiling and epigenome mapping. This comprehensive dataset revealed complex immune gene activity and regulation in structural cells. The observed patterns were highly organ-specific and seem to modulate the extensive interactions between structural cells and haematopoietic immune cells. Moreover, we identified an epigenetically encoded immune potential in structural cells under tissue homeostasis, which was triggered in response to systemic viral infection. This study highlights the prevalence and organ-specific complexity of immune gene activity in non-haematopoietic structural cells, and it provides a high-resolution, multi-omics atlas of the epigenetic and transcriptional networks that regulate structural cells in the mouse.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2424-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2424-4

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表

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