小柯机器人

新型体内CRISPR筛选技术助力肿瘤免疫治疗
2019-09-24 15:56

近日,美国耶鲁大学医学院的陈斯迪(Sidi Chen)团队通过CRISPR体内筛选技术并结合腺相关病毒(Adeno-associated virus,AAV)和“睡美人”(Sleeping Beauty)转座子系统,筛选得到了多个可提高胶质母细胞瘤免疫治疗的新靶点。这一研究成果2019年9月23日在线发表于《自然—生物技术》。

为了促进T细胞靶标的鉴定,研究人员开发了一种杂交遗传筛选系统,在该系统中,“睡美人”(SB)转座子和单个向导RNA组合被整合在AAV中。单个向导RNA组合的SB介导的基因组整合可在原代鼠T细胞中进行有效的基因编辑并作为筛选结果。研究人员对胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)小鼠模型中CD8阳性T细胞中的膜蛋白靶标进行了体内AAV-SB-CRISPR筛选。通过证明具有Pdia3、Mgat5、Emp1或Lag3基因编辑的CD8阳性T细胞的过继转移可以增强同系和T细胞受体转基因模型中带有GBM的小鼠的存活率,研究人员验证了该筛选结果。

转录组分析、单细胞测序、细胞因子测定和T细胞信号分析表明,T细胞中的Pdia3编辑增强了效应细胞功能。工程改造的PDIA3突变EGFRvIII嵌合抗原T细胞在人类GBM细胞的抗原特异性杀伤中更有效。

研究人员表示,靶向膜蛋白可以提高基于T细胞的免疫疗法的功效。

附:英文原文

Title: In vivo CRISPR screening in CD8 T cells with AAV– Sleeping Beauty hybrid vectors identifies membrane targets for improving immunotherapy for glioblastoma

Author: Lupeng Ye, Jonathan J. Park, Matthew B. Dong, Quanjun Yang, Ryan D. Chow, Lei Peng, Yaying Du, Jianjian Guo, Xiaoyun Dai, Guangchuan Wang, Youssef Errami, Sidi Chen

Issue&Volume: 2019-09-23

Abstract: 

Targeting membrane proteins could improve the efficacy of T cell–based immunotherapies. To facilitate the identification of T cell targets, we developed a hybrid genetic screening system where the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon and single guide RNA cassette are nested in an adeno-associated virus (AAV). SB-mediated genomic integration of the single guide RNA cassette enables efficient gene editing in primary murine T cells as well as a screen readout. We performed in vivo AAV–SB-CRISPR screens for membrane protein targets in CD8+ T cells in mouse models of glioblastoma (GBM). We validated screen hits by demonstrating that adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cells with Pdia3, Mgat5, Emp1 or Lag3 gene editing enhances the survival of GBM-bearing mice in both syngeneic and T-cell receptor transgenic models. Transcriptome profiling, single cell sequencing, cytokine assays and T cell signaling analysis showed that Pdia3 editing in T cells enhances effector functions. Engineered PDIA3 mutant EGFRvIII chimeric antigen T cells are more potent in antigen-specific killing of human GBM cells.

DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0246-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-019-0246-4

Nature Biotechnology:《自然—生物技术》,创刊于1996年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:68.164
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nbt/
投稿链接:https://mts-nbt.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex


本期文章:《自然—生物技术》:Online/在线发表

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