小柯机器人

近日，中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所教授刘志勇及其小组的最新研究提出了来自野生二聚体的非典型NLR对TdCNL1/TdCNL5赋予小麦白粉病抗性。该项研究成果发表在2025年6月9日出版的《自然—遗传学》上。

本文报道了野生二粒小麦和面包小麦衍生物的抗白粉病基因MLIW170/PM26是由一个遗传连锁的非典型NLR对TdCNL1/TdCNL5决定的。基于图谱的克隆和PacBio HiFi长读测序结果显示，TdCNL1编码一个非典型的含卷曲-卷曲结构域的NLR蛋白（CNL），该蛋白具有一个新的钾依赖性钠钙交换器集成结构域，而TdCNL5编码一个典型的CNL蛋白。诱变和病毒诱导的基因沉默实验表明，TdCNL1和TdCNL5在白粉病抗性中都是必不可少的。单独携带TdCNL1或TdCNL1/TdCNL5的转基因植株表现出抗性，而单独携带TdCNL5的菲尔德则表现出抗性。在地理位置上，MLIW170/PM26出现在南方野生二粒小麦的少数群体中。他们的研究突出了一个非典型NLR对协调调节白粉病抗性，为小麦改良提供了一个多样化的抗性基因。

据悉，小麦对白粉病的抗性通常是由个体抗性蛋白介导的，其中大多数抗性蛋白编码核苷酸结合富亮氨酸重复（NLR）受体。

附：英文原文

Title: An atypical NLR pair TdCNL1/TdCNL5 from wild emmer confers powdery mildew resistance in wheat

Author: Zhu, Keyu, Li, Miaomiao, Dong, Lingli, Zhang, Huaizhi, Zhang, Deyun, Lu, Ping, Wu, Qiuhong, Xie, Jingzhong, Chen, Yongxing, Guo, Guanghao, Zhang, Panpan, Li, Beibei, Li, Wenling, Dong, Lei, Hou, Yikun, Yang, Yijun, Qiu, Dan, Wang, Gaojie, Huang, Baoge, Cui, Xuejia, Fu, Hongkui, Yuan, Chengguo, Fahima, Tzion, Nevo, Eviatar, Li, Hongjie, Rong, Junkang, Hua, Wei, Liu, Zhiyong

Issue&Volume: 2025-06-09

Abstract: Resistance to wheat powdery mildew is commonly mediated by individual resistance proteins, most of which encode nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors. Here we report that the powdery mildew resistance gene MLIW170/PM26 in wild emmer and bread wheat derivatives is determined by a genetically linked atypical NLR pair TdCNL1/TdCNL5. Map-based cloning and PacBio HiFi long-read sequencing revealed that TdCNL1 encodes an atypical coiled-coil-domain-containing NLR protein (CNL) fused with a new potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger integrated domain, whereas TdCNL5 encodes a canonical CNL protein. Mutagenesis and virus-induced gene silencing experiments indicated that both TdCNL1 and TdCNL5 are essential for powdery mildew resistance. Transgenic plants with TdCNL1 alone or TdCNL1/TdCNL5 together show resistance, whereas Fielder with TdCNL5 alone was susceptible. Geographically, MLIW170/PM26 occurs in a few Southern populations of wild emmer wheat. Our study highlights an atypical NLR pair coordinately regulating powdery mildew resistance and provides a diversified resistance gene resource for wheat improvement.

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02208-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-025-02208-z

Nature Genetics：《自然—遗传学》，创刊于1992年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：41.307
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