小柯机器人

英国牛津大学Gavin R. Screaton等研究人员合作发现，恢复期和疫苗血清对SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7变异体的中和能力降低。这一研究成果于2021年2月18日在线发表在国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

研究人员介绍，在短短一年多的时间里，SARS-CoV-2已造成200万以上的死亡。目前人们正在大规模部署疫苗，这些疫苗旨在产生针对病毒突刺的免疫反应。大流行和病毒复制的规模导致了突变病毒的出现，并有可能逃避抗体反应。变种B.1.1.7（现在在英国占主导地位）具有更高的传播，在突刺中包含9个氨基酸变化，包括ACE2相互作用表面中的N501Y。

研究人员测试了B.1.1.7逃逸自然SARS-CoV-2感染或疫苗接种引发的抗体应答的能力。通过大量特征明确的单克隆抗体的结构/功能分析，研究人员绘制了N501Y的影响图谱。B.1.1.7比亲代病毒更难被中和，这影响了主要抗体的某些成员通过与残基501的轻链接触而被中和。但是，单克隆抗体或自然感染或疫苗接种产生的抗体反应的广泛逃逸没有观察到。 

附：英文原文

Title: Reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant by convalescent and vaccine sera

Author: Piyada Supasa, Daming Zhou, Wanwisa Dejnirattisai, Chang Liu, Alexander J. Mentzer, Helen M. Ginn, Yuguang Zhao, Helen M.E. Duyvesteyn, Rungtiwa Nutalai, Aekkachai Tuekprakhon, Beibei Wang, Guido C. Paesen, Jose Slon-Campos, César López-Camacho, Bassam Hallis, Naomi Coombes, Kevin Bewley, Sue Charlton, Thomas S. Walter, Eleanor Barnes, Susanna J. Dunachie, Donal Skelly, Sheila F. Lumley, Natalie Baker, Imam Shaik, Holly Humphries, Kerry Godwin, Nick Gent, Alex Sienkiewicz, Christina Dold, Robert Levin, Tao Dong, Andrew J. Pollard, Julian C. Knight, Paul Klenerman, Derrick Crook, Teresa Lambe, Elizabeth Clutterbuck, Sagida Bibi, Amy Flaxman, Mustapha Bittaye, Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sarah Gilbert, David R. Hall, Mark A. Williams, Neil G. Paterson, William James, Miles W. Carroll, Elizabeth E. Fry, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Jingshan Ren, David I. Stuart, Gavin R. Screaton

Issue&Volume: 2021-02-18

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 has caused over 2M deaths in little over a year. Vaccines are being deployed at scale, aiming to generate responses against the virus spike. The scale of the pandemic and error-prone virus replication is leading to the appearance of mutant viruses and potentially escape from antibody responses. Variant B.1.1.7, now dominant in the UK, with increased transmission, harbours 9 amino-acid changes in the spike, including N501Y in the ACE2 interacting-surface. We examine the ability of B.1.1.7 to evade antibody responses elicited by natural SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. We map the impact of N501Y by structure/function analysis of a large panel of well-characterised monoclonal antibodies. B.1.1.7 is harder to neutralize than parental virus, compromising neutralization by some members of a major class of public antibodies through light chain contacts with residue 501. However, widespread escape from monoclonal antibodies or antibody responses generated by natural infection or vaccination was not observed.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.033

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(21)00222-1