暨南大学麦文杰团队报道了具有不同溶剂化结构的熵驱动水合共晶电解质用于全温锌离子电池。相关研究成果发表在2024年6月29日出版的《德国应用化学》。
电池在极端温度环境下总是会遇到无法控制的故障或性能衰减，这在很大程度上受到电解质性质的限制。
该文提出了一种具有不同溶剂化构型的熵驱动水合共晶电解质（HEE），以扩大锌离子电池的工作温度范围。HEE具有40多种分布均匀的Zn2+溶剂化结构，与传统的水性对应物（仅6种）相比，其溶剂化构型熵高得多。这些有效地提高了其在超低温下的防冻能力，即使在-40°C的低温下也具有0.42 mS cm-1的高离子电导率。
此外，熵驱动特性可以同时提高+140°C以上高温下的热稳定性。因此，HEE可以使全电池在-40~+80°C的宽温度范围内稳定工作，在-40°C下进行1500多次循环，容量保持率为100%，在+80°C下运行1000次循环，容量保留率为~72%。
这种具有量化溶剂化构型熵值的熵驱动电解质的鼓舞人心的概念，对于设计未来对极端温度环境具有良好适应性的特种电池具有迷人的潜力。
附：英文原文
Title: Entropy-driven Hydrated Eutectic Electrolytes with Diverse Solvation Configurations for All-Temperature Zn-Ion Batteries
Author: Meijia Qiu, Yuxuan Liang, Jiahong Hong, Jiale Li, Peng Sun, Wenjie Mai
Issue&Volume: 2024-06-29
Abstract: Batteries always encounter uncontrollable failure or performance decay under extreme temperature environments, which is largely limited by the properties of electrolytes. Herein, an entropy-driven hydrated eutectic electrolyte (HEE) with diverse solvation configurations is proposed to expand the operating temperature range of Zn-ion batteries. The HEE possesses over 40 types of Zn2+ solvation structure with uniform distribution, contributing to its much higher solvation configurational entropy compared to the conventional aqueous counterpart (only 6 types). These effectively promotes its anti-freezing ability under ultralow temperatures, with a high ionic conductivity of 0.42 mS cm-1 even at a low temperature of -40 °C. Moreover, the entropy-driven property can simultaneously enhance the thermal stability under a high temperature over +140 °C. Therefore, the HEE can enable full cells stably working over a wide temperature range of -40~+80 °C, performing over 1500 cycles with 100% capacity retention at -40 °C and 1000 cycles with ~72% capacity retention at +80 °C. This inspiring concept of entropy-driven electrolyte with quantized solvation configurational entropy value has charming potential for designing future special batteries with excellent adaptability towards extreme temperature environments.
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407012
Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202407012
