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杨正瓴
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坎贝尔定律（Campbell's Law）：1979年 Donald T. Campbell 写到：
"The more any quantitative social indicator is used for social decision-making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor."
"Achievement tests may well be valuable indicators of general school achievement under conditions of normal teaching aimed at general competence. But when test scores become the goal of the teaching process, they both lose their value as indicators of educational status and distort the educational process in undesirable ways. (Similar biases of course surround the use of objective tests in courses or as entrance examinations.)"
类似的还有“钱穆制度陷阱”：
中国政治制度演绎的传统是，一个制度出了毛病，再定一个制度来防止它，相沿日久，一天天地繁密化，于是有些却变成了病上加病。
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1155784.html
《怪哉！大学物理实验全误差计算公式 成了社会科学的定理！》
2019-04-23 19:11
"The more any quantitative social indicator is used for social decision-making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor."
"Achievement tests may well be valuable indicators of general school achievement under conditions of normal teaching aimed at general competence. But when test scores become the goal of the teaching process, they both lose their value as indicators of educational status and distort the educational process in undesirable ways. (Similar biases of course surround the use of objective tests in courses or as entrance examinations.)"
类似的还有“钱穆制度陷阱”：
中国政治制度演绎的传统是，一个制度出了毛病，再定一个制度来防止它，相沿日久，一天天地繁密化，于是有些却变成了病上加病。
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1155784.html
《怪哉！大学物理实验全误差计算公式 成了社会科学的定理！》
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