关于在何种情况下才设立阳性对照药物组，我在查阅大量英文文献，许多基础药物实验研究并未设计这样的组。

但我最近在发表文章和申报课题时相继被某某专家提出要加入阳性药物对照组。

我的理解，药理的研究，比如研究某某药是否通过某通路干预该疾病，不需要阳性药物对照组，但药效的实验应该需要。但国外的文献貌似真的甚至连药效的都没有这样的组。请看如下文献

Song X J, Yang C Y, Liu B, et al. Atorvastatin inhibits myocardial cell apoptosis in a rat model with post-myocardial infarction heart failure by downregulating ER stress response[J]. International journal of medical sciences, 2011, 8(7): 564.
Methods: Thirty-eight rats were randomly divided into three groups: a heart failure model group (model group),  a heart failure plus atorvastatin treatment group (atorvastatin group) and a sham-surgery group (control group).


Masao Tsujihata, Chikahiro Momohara, Iwao Yoshioka, Akira Tsujimura, Norio Nonomura, Akihiko Okuyama, Atorvastatin Inhibits Renal Crystal Retention in a Rat Stone Forming Model, The Journal of Urology, Volume 180, Issue 5, November 2008, Pages 2212-2217
Materials and Methods
Ten-week-old specific pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Atorvastatin (2 mg/kg) in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose was administered orally daily for 2 weeks. The rats were separated into 4 experimental groups, including group 1—water and 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose daily, group 2—water and atorvastatin in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose daily, group 3—1% ethylene glycol dissolved in water, 0.5 μg vitamin D3 dissolved in 1 ml salad oil and 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose daily, and group 4—1% ethylene glycol dissolved in water, 0.5 μg vitamin D3 dissolved in 1 ml salad oil and atorvastatin in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose daily.The ethylene glycol model of hyperoxaluria and the effect of atorvastatin treatment were analyzed in groups 1 to 4.


van Vliet E A, Holtman L, Aronica E, et al. Atorvastatin treatment during epileptogenesis in a rat model for temporal lobe epilepsy[J]. Epilepsia, 2011, 52(7): 1319-1330.
Methods:  Rats were orally treated with atorvastatin (once daily, 10 mg/kg) or vehicle for 14 days, starting 7 days before the induction of epilepsy (which was evoked by electrical stimulation of the angular bundle until rats developed status epilepticus). Seizure activity was monitored continuously until 6 weeks after status epilepticus using video-EEG (electroencephalography).

比如这最后这个癫痫的！！！很明显觉得该有阳性药物对照组！

有没有专家给予解答？？？小弟不胜感激，什么时候才需要阳性药物对照组！是否有规范！