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Nature Plants∣大豆驯化中多效性的机制,既提高光泽度又提高...

已有 1936 次阅读 2018-1-3 18:11 |系统分类:论文交流

2018年1月1日,Nature Plants发表了美国普渡大学马渐新教授的文章。研究发现,大豆驯化过程中,对大豆种皮人工选择的同时提高了大豆的含油量,也显示了驯化中多效性的机制,为培育大豆新品种提供了新的策略。


原题目为:

Elevation of soybean seed oil content through selection for seed coat shininess


摘要:

许多豆科植物的种皮上都有一层含有致敏性过敏原的泥膜,使得种子不易被看见,进而防止动物进食,保护后代。然而,无泥膜的光泽的种子对于人类消费和健康是有利的,并且是驯化选择的目标。我们的结果表明,野生大豆种皮泥膜主要受Bloom1(B1)控制,它编码一个跨膜转运蛋白,负责荚果内果皮的生物合成。大豆驯化过程中,泥膜从有到无的转变与B1的编码区天然发生的核苷酸突变的人工选择有关。有趣的是,这种突变不仅使种子表面有光泽,而且提高了驯化大豆的种子含油量。种子中含油量的升高似乎是通过豆荚中b1调节的油生物合成的上调来实现的。本研究表明,驯化中多效性的机制,可能为种子油含量增加,种子粉尘减少的大豆品种开发提供新的策略。


Abstract:

Many leguminous species have adapted their seed coat with a layer of powdery bloom that contains hazardous allergens and makes the seeds less visible, offering duel protection against potential predators. Nevertheless, a shiny seed surface without bloom is desirable for human consumption and health, and is targeted for selection under domestication. Here we show that seed coat bloom in wild soybeans is mainly controlled by Bloom1 (B1), which encodes a transmembrane transporter-like protein for biosynthesis of the bloom in pod endocarp. The transition from the ‘bloom’ to ‘no-bloom’ phenotypes is associated with artificial selection of a nucleotide mutation that naturally occurred in the coding region of B1 during soybean domestication. Interestingly, this mutation not only ‘shined’ the seed surface, but also elevated seed oil content in domesticated soybeans. Such an elevation of oil content in seeds appears to be achieved through b1-modulated upregulation of oil biosynthesis in pods. This study shows pleiotropy as a mechanism underlying the domestication syndrome, and may pave new strategies for development of soybean varieties with increased seed oil content and reduced seed dust.


Illustration of regulatory pathways underlying seed oil (fatty acids) biosynthesis in different tissues, which are affected or unaffected by the B1 locus






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